Is Education Important Essay

In today’s globally competitive world, education is another aspect that measures a person’s skills and capabilities. Employers and companies look for people with high educational attainment that have proven their more capable skills and knowledge when compared to other people (also known as the competition). Families brag about scholarships, honourable mentions and awards. Even something as getting a date or a life partner would depend on what kind of education did a person have from their early childhood until their university years and even reaching to further graduate studies—whether people would freely admit it or not. Education is judged as important primarily because it is associated with learning skills, knowledge and experiences that would help him/her to be successful in the real world. The real world is defined as the world that one has to work to get some food on the table, pay taxes to help the nation and get rid of the pile of unpaid bills. On the other hand, success in the real world is the defined as having the ability to afford both the basic necessities and luxuries. Education then is concluded as being the answer to achieve that success. How? While people usually complain why they have to take physics or chemistry in high school when their ambition is really to become a ballerina or a manager, those students fail to see that education also provides non-formal education—education that happens outside the educational set-up but which they learn while inside the educational institution. Things like social skills, discipline, confidence, tenacity and patience, etc. re things which can only be taught through association with other people—and doing things they do not enjoy and consider useless. Aside from the fact that there are critical and cognitive thinking skills that one learns in formal education—like basic math which is very important or memorization and analyzing things which are also very important—non-formal education is another form of education that develops the person’s ability to stay and succeed in the real world. To end, education’s importance cannot really be put into simple words and abstract concepts because the reason for its importance is tantamount to explaining why food and shelter is important. But overall, this is the point—yes, education whether formal or non-formal is imperatively essential to everyone. If it was not, then why did the school system manage to continue forth and survive from the time of the ancient Greeks to today’s 21st century and technologically-advanced world?

Internal External Strategies Essay

Tradeoffs between an internal and external growth strategy goes together in an organization. The internal organization which focuses on the internal growth of the firm look upon the comforts for the internal people and the facilities are provided internally for the employees. The employees are boosted up and they are encouraged from giving them bonus, over time etc. the internal growth of an organization helps it to groom itself completely but this sets a backward area. The internal growth comprises on the employees moral, the expansion of the organization, more opportunities are overwhelmed for the employees and they are trained in such a manner that they become sharp and confident and boast them in an orderly manner. As a result only the internal growth is focused and the external has to go through a tough time as the only focus becomes the internal growth and the cost is ignored. The production cost gets higher and the demand is affected which leads to a decrease in the sale of goods in the market (Clare & Stutely, 1995). On the other hand when the external growth is focused the budget and the cost are kept in view and the people are mainly focused on the output in the market. Cost cutting is observed and this even leads to the suspension of employees from their job. The cost of the product is kept in view and then decisions are taken to avoid any kind of disturbance in the demand of the product. This creates misconception among the employees and the owners and a huge gap is created among relations. Employees are not focused and not considered for increment. These are the tradeoffs between external and internal growth strategy (Triant, 2006). In international strategy external growth is focused as it is more profitable for them. In international trade only the cost and the demand is focused. Profit is only the motive of the international traders and therefore external trade strategy is the best approach.

Galvanic corrosion

Galvanic corrosion (also called ‘ dissimilar metal corrosion' or wrongly ‘electrolysis') refers to corrosion damage induced when two dissimilar matter l's are coupled with a corrosive electrolyte. Galvanic corrosion is an electrochemical process In which one metal corrodes onto another when both metals are in electrical co intact, in the presence Of an electrolyte. When a galvanic couple forms, one Of the metals I n the couple becomes the anode and corrodes faster than it would all by itself, while e the other becomes the cathode and corrodes slower than it would by itself.So basically the anode metal is breaking down onto the cathode metal. For galvanic corrosion to occur, three things must be present: Electrochemically dissimilar metals must be pre .NET, these metals must be in electrical contact, and the metals must be exposed to an electrolyte. Galvanic Corrosion was discovered in the late part of the eighteenth century b Lugging Galvanic in a series of experiments wi th the exposed muscles and nerves of a frog that contracted when connected to a conductor.Its humorous to think Galvan ICC corrosion was found on accident when experimenting on frogs. The concept was also e engineered into the useful protection of metallic structures by Sir Humphrey Davys and Mice hall Faraday in the early part of the nineteenth century. The sacrificial corrosion of en metal such as zinc, magnesium or aluminum is a widespread method of protecting metallic Structures. While galvanic corrosion is potentially problematic to civil engineer s, they can use it to their benefit.For example buried or submerged structures, in HTH s case, sacrificial anodes work as part of a galvanic couple, promoting corrosion of the e anode, in order to protect the cathode metal. To dumb it down one metals life is been g drastically reduce so the other metals life will last longer. On another note if you do not want galvanic corrosion taking place corrosion inhibitors such as sodium nitrite or sodium moldboard can be injected into the systems to reduce the galvanic potential.However, the application Of these co erosion inhibitors must be monitored closely. If the application of corrosion inhibitors increases the conductivity of the water within the system, the galvanic corrosion potent al can be greatly increased. A different means of avoiding galvanic corrosion is to coins deer the 2 electrical potential of the metals you are selecting. A galvanic series list the el citric potentials of metals, the relative position of two metals on such a series gives good indication of which metal is more likely to corrode more quickly.Looking back at my opening statement, you can now understand why galvanic corrosion can be so hostile. If you select the wrong metals in a system, and the e load bearing metal of the system corrodes, you systems is bound to fail. On the to her end of the spectrum, galvanic corrosion can possibly be helpful, if indeed you want t o sacrifice one metal in order to protect another. With an indented knowledge of galvanic corrosion civil engineers can predict and act upon potentially hazardous situations. 3

Germany and the Germans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Germany and the Germans - Essay Example Many people are unable to determine whether Hitler is a Christian, Muslim or he does not belief in God due to some of his controversial conversations that were against Christianity religion. However, Hitler’s table talk varies because of varied extraneous sources and interpretations recorded in varied languages. Summary One of the aspects that Hitler in his private conversations talks about is the nature of God. He talks about the laws and nature that will guide people towards the progress path, but quotes that people will not know anything about these laws (Hitler et.al 4). The understandings of human beings cannot envisage of other plans and human being has only discovered in nature the wonderful ideas through worshipping the laws. Therefore, people have a feeling for the all-might, whom they call God, who is the control of the natural laws of the whole cosmos. Therefore, a priest who has always followed and abides by the natural laws threatens humanity that humankind will r eceive a punishment in case they fail to accept the creed that they impose to them. Therefore, it is an issue of custom and habit in case humanity follows the part of such creed. Hitler talks of Russians being atheism because they do not believe in God, but that does not necessarily mean that they are not able to face death. Secondly, Hitler’s table talks are also presented where he argues that National Socialism and religion cannot go hand in hand (Hitler, et.al 4). Therefore, the author argues Christians should not be persecuted in case the National Socialism is ruling. The ultimate solution to these is that the religion should be left to gulp down themselves without harassment and discrimination. The church should not be replaced by something else because that would be dreadful. For instance, in England, the church is governed by the state but in America, it is all an issue of conformism. The people of Germany have outstanding patience but there are other people who are ca pable of undertaking a revolution in the universe (Hitler et.al. 4). This could be better in case the Germany people would make the moral laws their governing principles in any action they take. Thirdly, Hitler talks about the issue of the rebirth of industries in Germany and the trade competition among the Germany and the British people. Hitler.et.al (11) argues the way Germany people work but they do not get the proper salary, which they deserve. Their capabilities are well recognized but the reality is that they live only by their work, which makes them a contempt object to the people whom they serve. This accounts as to why Germany people received little empathy during the Anglo-Saxon world just before the WWI. However, due to large population growth, the Germany people had to migrate and the issues of policy affairs in the state were incorporated in the labor cycle to safeguard those who were paid poorly. During the trade period, the form of production that were considered in G ermany included coal and steel in Germany industries. However, the England paid higher prices and the competition between Germany and England increased; thus England became a rich nation. The millionaires exploited the poor and they reaped a lot of fruits from the toil of other people. England flourished

Discrimination Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Discrimination - Term Paper Example By feeling threatened, productivity of the minority group is sure to go down to the extent that organizations and entities lose valuable human potential (Crosby, Stockdale, & Ropp, 2007). On the other hand, suits of discrimination result in costly lawsuits against the firms and can result in loss of reputation and goodwill which cannot easily be recovered. It is therefore, of utmost importance that organizations address this area by curbing discriminatory practices. The paper shall shed light on two of the most common forms of discrimination, race and sex. Before delving into specific cases of discrimination, it is important to know what discrimination is and what psychological notions give birth to it. Theories regarding the way people view themselves and how they feel about themselves are aplenty in psycho-sociological literature. Since what we perceive about ourselves is kernel to what we think we are, what we think we can do, and how best we think we can do it (Tan, Dalisay, Zhang, Han, & Merchant, 2010), one can find a vast number of studies regarding the nature of self-perception and its relation to other constructs. Because studies in this field focus on the basic human need to understand who they are and why they exist, self-perception is arguably one of the most significant cognitive structures organizing an individuals experience and, thus, has been represented as an appropriate starting point for developing a cognitive theory of how individuals learn from their past experiences (Tan, Dalisay, Zhang, Han, & Merchant, 2010). Stereotyping has been a common cause of discrimination since time immemorial. Research suggests the two most common paradigms of stereotyping are the cognitive and affective dimensions (Schneider D. J., 2004). The cognitive component delineates on the fact that stereotyping results from an oversimplification of information that is processed by our mental

It's All in the Milieu Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

It's All in the Milieu - Essay Example In most of these cases major changes are made to the text to render it into film in the first place, and then when a second film adaptation is made. The Lord of the Rings, for instance, left entire sequences of the film out, such as the adventure to Tom Bombadil, drastically changed the age of the characters (reducing Frodo’s age from 50 to 30), changed their motivations (having Faromir fall the same way Boromir did) and so on (Tolkein 1955). These changes are made for a number of reasons, including needing to cut down from a novel to a film, to create suspense, or so on. Rarely, however, a book can so readily be made into a film, that these changes are unneccsary. Such was the case with Psycho, its Alfred Hitchcock adaption, and the remake of that film Psycho (1968). While most elements of these three works were nearly identical they are perceived very differently: Alfred Hitchock’s Psycho is hailed as a masterpiece, while the 1998 remake has been widely panned. This d emonstrates that each story must exist in its time and its place, and something removed from its milieu will be entire unsuccessful. The plot of all three works is largely identical. In each case, a woman, Marion, steals a large sum of money, finds herself at a lonely hotel, and is then murdered by a mysterious character – ostensibly the proprietors mother (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998). When the woman’s family gets worried, they go looking for her, hiring a detective to discover what happened to her. This detective gets murdered by the same figure (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998), with the hotel proprietor still covering up his mother’s actions. The family then investigates for themselves, eventually finds the mother is in fact the son’s delusion, as his mother died in a murder-suicide years before, and that the proprietor, Bates, has been living in a codependent relationship with his dead mother ever since (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998). This novel did not have to be adapted significantly for the screen: the only major changes made were the methods of killing, with the decapitation of the novel usually being replaced by a stabbing off screen in the film versions, which presumably would add to the horror but reduce the gore, which can be much more impactful on screen, and would detract from the psychological nature of the story (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998). That the novel is close to the film versions is not surprising – close remakes can often be accomplished in the case of short novels and excellent film-makers, such as with Jurassic Park, (or, indeed, many other Michael Crichton novels). What is surprising, however, is that the two films were so similar – the 1998 film was virtually a shot-for-shot remake of the 1960 film. They both used the same screenplay by Joseph Stefano (IMDB 2012a), and thus were identical in terms of words, but Van Sant also mirrored almost every camera motion that Hitchcock made. The only differences came in a small number of shots: the opening shot of the Hitchcock film, for instance, was a long zoom that had many fades separating individual zoom sequences, while the Van Sant film was a single long zoom: this was changed because Hitchcock’s original desire was to have a single long shot, but this was not possible based on technology of the time, while in 1998 it had become possible

Review of the Literature Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Review of the Literature - Assignment Example The theory clearly outlines the population based health strategies for obesity prevention among older nurses including health promotion initiatives (Wu & Huang, 2013). The theory advocates for healthy eating system and proper physical activities practices in preventing obesity. This model of theory also proposes health educational strategies in solving obesity problem among older nurses (Marchiondo, 2014). It also provides a number of health related behaviors in developing public health policies in various health institutions globally (Wu & Huang, 2013). Health education as well as healthy promotion behaviors are some of the research based strategies that are widely used in the prevention and reduction of obesity among older nurses (Newman, 2009). Therefore, the main rationale for the adoption of this theory is due to its wide and broad use in the control and prevention of obesity among older nurses globally. This theory also supports various proposed solutions that are very effective in reducing, controlling and preventing obesity among older nurses (Marchiondo, 2014). This includes proper weight management, avoidance of heavy smoking, adoption of healthy eating habits and regular physical exercise among older nurses. The hypothesis advocates for various behavioral approaches in controlling obesity and adoption of these proposed changes (Weiss, Weisser, & Salario, 2014). The theory provides that behavior changes should be made step by step in order to avoid stress and other destructive conditions among older nurses (Wu & Huang, 2013). This presumption also put into consideration a number of psychological, social as well as emotional coping strategies of older nurses in adopting weight gain management practices. The theory advocates for provision of health promotional interventions through appropriate techniques that

Critical analysis case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Critical analysis case study - Essay Example This paper reveals how interdependent sub-groups of decision-makers are when dealing with clinical cases. It is important that all parties involved in the clinical cares of a patient should offer strategic decisions that would be helpful in making the patient recovered quite quickly. The medical decision is needed to prescribe the right medical treatment for the patient; the nurses’ decisions are vital for handling the clinical requirements of the patient; the relatives of the patient also have to make serious decisions about the way to take good care of their family member who is sick. On several occasions, all these parties come together to work out the efficiency of their decisions so as to provide only the needed healthcare for the patient (Berner, 2007: pp.3-28) Daniel Young (name changed) was a construction worker that was diagnosed for kidney problem when he sought a medical advice as he constantly felt weak, tired, shortness of breath and perceived some swollen parts of his body. Dr. James (name changed) recommended that he should undergo Peritoneal Dialysis when he noticed that diet and medication would not help him recover soon from the rapidly failing kidney problems—this was due to the fact that Daniel sought medical help later than expected. He had previously thought that his demanding construction job was responsible for his body weakness and lethargy. His first few weeks at the hospital had produced an encouraging medical report: normal fluid exchanges, maintenance of appropriate weight, good metabolic activities and reduction in the frequency of symptoms appearance. Unfortunately, in a couple of weeks later, the patient’s condition had become quite worse: he grew hypotensive because of losing much fluid than necessary in his body, and doctor also detected there was some bacterial infection in the abdomen (peritonitis). Despite the application of appropriate medication

Homework Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Homework - Coursework Example The four aspects holistically helped shape the American culture. For example, marriage and female domesticity were depicted as primary goal for the American woman in conjunction with intense religious renewal. The media provided a platform through which the various aspects were spread. Religious leaders were also crucial in the American society. For example, Evangelist Billy Graham was a spiritual adviser to several United States’ Presidents (Kutler 96) The promises that were made by Kennedy were an attack on poverty, as well as growing the economy. The promises were all geared towards economic reconstruction. He promised to move legislations to see to it that he achieved these goals and was moved especially by the desperate conditions he saw when he campaigned in Appalachia, in 1960. Upon clinching the presidency, he helped push poverty onto the national agenda where he won a $2 billion urban-rural renewal program (Kutler 77). He was assassinated in 1963 and his promises were realized by his successor by the name of Lyndon B. Johnson who moved for the enactment of the Civil Rights of 1964 and the Economic Opportunity Act that emphasized on unconditional war on

The final decision for the international court of justice in the issue Essay

The final decision for the international court of justice in the issue of the maritime delimitations and territories between Qat - Essay Example Admittedly, Bahrain was the wealthiest place in Gulf because of the rich trade of pearl. Thus, it was common for tribes to target Bahrain as the primary target. Thus, in 1783, the Al-Khalifa family again attacked Bahrain with the help of its tribal allies. This time they managed to effectively invade Bahrain. However, there were so many attacks in the pipeline and the area seldom remained peaceful. In 1799, the Sultan of Muscat took control over the place and after three years, the place came under Wahhabi control. In 1811, Al-Khalifa tribe managed to come back and regain its control over Bahrain. Problems started erupting in 1867 when the representative of Al-Khalife in Qatar caught a man from an important Wakra tribe and sent back to Bahrain. Getting infuriated over the action, Wakra and Doha tribes turned against Al-Khalifa. Though the person was released, another member of the leading Qatari tribe was invited to Bahrain and jailed. Also, the Al-Khalifa joined hands with Sheikhs o f Abu-Dhabi and invaded Doha and Wakra. As there was widespread destruction, Britain intervened in the issue and the problem was suppressed (United Nations Staff, 45). In order to end the conflict within the Al-Khalifa family, Isa bin Ali Al-Khalifa from Zubara was brought by UK and made the ruler of Bahrain. Over these years, the Al-Thani family had a growing influence over Qatar and Abdulla who ruled the province between 1913 and 1949 managed to sign a treaty of protection with the British as Bahrain had done. As Charney et al describe, in the year 1925, Al-Khalifa gave concessions for oil exploration but it mentioned nothing about the Hawar islands. Ten years later, the Sheikh of Qatar gave concession for oil exploration in places including Hawar. It was opposed by Bahrain and Britain declared that Hawar legally belonged to Bahrain (3225). In the year 1936, Britain made the official declaration that the area belonged to Bahrain. Though there was strong opposition from Qatar, Brit ain did not deviate from its decision. In the year 1947, Britain produced a map marking the boundaries between Bahrain and Qatar, and according to the map, Hawar belonged to Bahrain. Thus, by mid 1960s, Bahrain gave permission to an American oil company to explore oil in Hawar. However, the strong protest from Qatar brought the program to a halt. Though a meeting was held between the Sheikh of Qatar and Bahrain in 1967, they could not reach a solution. In the year 1937, Qatar attempted to impose tax on the Naim tribe residing in the Zubarah region. It was strongly opposed by Bahrain which claimed sovereignty over the region. While Bahrain claimed that Qatar illegally tortured the Bahraini people, Qatar claimed that it was using its authority within its own territory to curb unlawful activities. This only worsened the situation (United Nations, 119). Things turned worse when the Shell Company identified the presence of world’s largest oil reserve in Qatari Gas Field. Soon, the re came the claim that Hawar would also have important gas reserves. Ten years later, in 1982, Bahrain started military exercises in Fasht Al-Deable, the disputed area near Hawar. In the year 1986, Bahrain started work in Fasht Al-Deable amidst strong protest from Qatar. Qatar responded by attacking the place and arresting the Bahrain workers. Saudi Arabia intervened in the dispute and an agreement was reached not to change

Criminology 11 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminology 11 - Research Paper Example Certainly to a victim of crime the sentencing phase is the most critical part of the justice system. The Canadian system incorporates the input of the victim whenever practical to do so. In this way the sentencing process focuses on addressing the damage inflicted by the offender’s actions and its impact on the victim and to society, instead of focusing exclusively on the punishment aspect. If the person accused of a crime either pleads or is found guilty, the court has many options. Prior to sentencing the judge generally requests a pre-sentencing report which provides information regarding the accused party’s realistic prospects for rehabilitation. It also assesses the potential threat to the community they present. While preparing the report, the parole officer usually contacts the victim to establish the nature and significance of the physical, psychological, financial and material harms they suffered. (â€Å"Victims,† 2011). The Canadian government reformed the Criminal Code in September 1996. Included in these comprehensive reforms is sentencing guidelines that promote reparations for the various injuries inflicted on victims and the community. In addition, the sentencing guidelines are meant to teach the offender a sense of responsibility and appreciation of the hurt caused to the victim(s) and to society. Both of these objectives demonstrate the restorative nature of the sentencing phase in the Canadian system of justice. However, this rethinking of sentencing procedures does not replace but adds to the traditional objectives of sentencing such as deterrence, denunciation and rehabilitation. The addition of restorative sentencing in 1996 was referred to as a â€Å"watershed marking the most significant reform to the law of sentencing in Canada’s history† by the Supreme Court of Canada when considering the Gladue decision. (â€Å"Making,† 2012). The high court

Financial Analysis of Cadbury Schweppes Essay Example for Free

Financial Analysis of Cadbury Schweppes Essay The capital structure of Cadbury Schweppes based on its 2006 balance sheet shows that the company uses more debt than equity to finance its operations. The company’s debt to total stockholders equity ratio of the company is more than fifty percent, while its debt to equity ratio is at 1. 30. A high debt to equity ratio means that the company relies heavily in debt financing. A high debt to equity ratio does not necessarily mean that the company has poor financial leverage because there are industries that are capital intensive which requires companies to incur large amounts of debt to finance its operations. One such industry is the automobile industry, where a debt to equity ratio of two is still considered acceptable. In the case of Cadbury Schweppes, the company is engaged in manufacturing candy, chocolate and drinks. It is an industry which is not as capital intensive as the car manufacturing industry so its debt to equity ratio maybe too high. The company has been undergoing changes in its operations over the years. It has gradually moved out of its investments that do not fall within its core business which is confectionery and beverage. While it disposed of some of its incompatible businesses, it continued to expand its confectionery and beverage operations. These acquisitions, particularly those made in the United States can be the reason for its large debt. Debt is used by the company to increase its operations and, as a consequence, increase its profits. The company’s performance has been increasingly growing every year, so it is possible that the company has determined that the cost of expending the operations which is in the form of interest payments is much lower than the benefits incurred in the form of increase in sales. Having a large amount of is extremely detrimental to the company if it is unable to recoup the cost of the debt; this is not the case of Cadbury Schweppes. The dividend yield ratio measures the amount of income received by each share of stock with the cost of such share. The dividend yield ratio necessarily varies over time because the market value of share changes as it is traded. A comparison of dividend yield ratio over time can be used to gauge if the performance of the company is improving, but this ratio should not be analyzed on its own. It must be analyzed together with other factors such as the market value of the share. A company with a low dividend yield can mean that the company’s share is priced highly by the market and does not necessarily mean that the company is unable to make dividend payments. On the other hand, high dividend yield can mean that the company’s share has a very low market value and not because it is able to give its shareholders large amounts of dividends. The company has a dividend yield of 2. 30% and it share has a market value ranging from 51. 5 to 51. 6. Based on this figures, it is apparent that its dividend yield is not because of the extremely high or low market value of its share. The price/earnings ratio of the company, on the other hand, is seen by investors as a gauge of how much the market values the company’s share. In this company’s case, it has a price earning of 24. 22. This number is very close to the industry’s average. This means that the company is competitive with other members of the industry and is generally viewed by the investing community as a good investment. Based on its dividend yield and price/earnings ratio, the company is able to compensate stockholders despite its large debts. This is probably because the earnings of the company is divided by a smaller number of shares than if the company chose to finance its operation by equity rather than debt. The large shareholders of the company are Franklin Resources, Inc. and Legal and General with shares ownership amounting to 4. 01% and 3. 47%.

Japanese traditional game

Japanese traditional game Japanese traditional game Introduction Given the task to innovate a Japanese traditional game, we decided to use the Two Ten Jack and create our very own which is much simpler to be played. It uses part of the Uno cards and also a board with numbers to be placed with a bet. In order to continuously win the prizes, we construct the game to be in ways that a player must place a bet that is either same number, or same color that is the taken out from the deck of cards played with. The Two Ten Jack game is played without the dealer and with points deducted and added which in the end, the player with the highest points balance. The next page would be the manual to the game and after that would be the manual to the Two Ten Jack game. Furthermore, a comparison would be made to show the innovation of our game being born. The Game Manual for the Two Ten Jack Preliminaries The object of two-ten-jack is to get the most points by taking tricks containing positive point cards while avoiding tricks containing negative point cards. Two players receive six cards each from a standard 52-card deck ranking0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 and the remaining undealt cards are placed between the players to form the stock. Non-dealer leads the firsttrick and winner of each trick leads to the next. Players replenish their hands between tricks by each drawing a card from the stock with the winner of the last trick drawing first. Play continues until all of the cards in the entire deck have been played. Points are then tallied before the deck is reshuffled and dealt anew. Following, Trumping, and Speculation In two-ten-jack a player may lead any card and the other player must play a card of the same suit if able, or otherwise must play atrump cardif able. If a player has neither cards in the lead suit or trump, then any other card may be played. The highest trump card, or the highest card of the lead suit if no trumps were played, takes the trick In two-ten-jack hearts are always thetrump suit and theace of spadesis a special trump card known asspeculationranking above all of the hearts. Rules for playing speculation are as follows: If a trump (heart) is lead, a player may follow with speculation and must play speculation if no other trumps are held in the hand. If a spade is lead, a player may follow with speculation and must likewise play speculation if no other spades are held in the hand. If a club or diamond is lead and the other player has neither of these, speculation may be played, and must be played if no other trumps are available. A player leading speculation must declare it as either a spade or trump. Scoring and winning Cards are worth the following point values: 2â™ ¥, 10â™ ¥and Jâ™ ¥are worth +5 each 2â™ £, 10â™ £ and Jâ™ £ are worth -5 each 2â™  , 10â™  , Jâ™   and Aâ™   are worth +1 each 6â™ ¦is worth +1 point Hence the total number of card points per deal is +5. Winner is the first player to reach 31 points. Game Manual The number of players required to play this game is one to two players and maximum five players each round Start by placing a single bet. Each bet is place on a number between zero to nine and four different colors Each time six cards would be pulled out from the deck The bet is counted with sweets. Each sweet cost RM1. Each player starts with a sweet The bet with the same color out of the 6 cards drawn will get his money The bet with the same number out of the 6 cards drawn will get win 5 sweet. The bet without same color or same number out of the 6 cards loses 1 sweet. The bet with the same color and same number walks away with Rm50 The bet with same color and same number and also another same number but different color in the six card drawn from the deck walks away with Rm100 Game Rules A player can only place one bet to a number and color per round. Not more than 1 player can bet at a same number and color in each round. A player has to verify his/her choice of bet before the opening of the six cards from the deck. Comparison The amount of cards used in Two Ten Jack is 52 while the game we have created uses 40. Also, the Two Ten Jack is played between players while the game we have created uses a dealer. Besides that, the Two Ten Jack is played with a system of addition and subtraction while we tried to make it compatible by placing bets instead of tricking the other players. Furthermore, the game we have created has been added with little elements of western card game like 21.

Various Global Health Issues

Various Global Health Issues 1.1. Identify the global health risks (due to either internal or external sources) that threaten the health of the UK population. Global health is focused on people across the whole planet rather than the concerns of particular nations. It recognises that health is determined by problems, issues and concerns that transcend national boundaries (HM Government (HMG), 2008). Health risk is a disease precursor associated with a higher than average morbidity or mortality rate. (Mosbys Medical Dictionary, 2009) Global health risk therefore is the identification of the global and regional mortality and disease burden (Stevens, 2009). According to statistics, the leading global risks for mortality in the world are high blood pressure, tobacco use, high blood glu ­cose, physical inactivity, and overweight and obesity. They usually affect all income groups across the world (World Health Organization (WHO), 2009). On the other hand, the global burden of disease is classified into a first group which includes communicable disease, maternal, perinatal and nutritional disorders; a second group which includes non-communicable disease like cardiovascular disorders; and a third group which includes injury (Lindstrand, et al. 2009 p. 131). Patterns of disease vary across the world. In 2009, in low- and middle countries, as well as in all high-income countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the non-communicable diseases dominate as causes of mortality and DALYs lost (Lindstrand, et al., 2009 p. 131). In the UK, particularly in London, exacerbation of many infectious diseases which are unique to the country has been reported. The population of London is increased daily by millions of commuters and visitors, thus to communicable diseases is also increases. Rates of TB, STIs, blood borne infections, malaria and measles has greatly gone up. It is significant to note that London has much higher rates of communicable diseases compared to other capitals in the UK due to dense population (Maguire, 2005-2009). Donaldson (2007, p.7) states that, In todays globalised world, we can no longer consider the health of the UK in isolation. Chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, mental ill health, and alcohol- and tobacco-related illness once deemed the preserve of industrialised nations are now worldwide problems. The dramatic increase in the incidence of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis in some countries, and the emergence of avian influenza in Asia, could pose major threats to the health of the UK population. It may be a clichà ©, but it is true that infectious diseases do not respect borders. 1.2. Assess the roles played by international organisations and agencies (both inter-governmental and non-governmental) in health promotion and disease prevention in developing countries. One of the major reasons why International organizations were formed is to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.It is organised as intergovernmental and non-governmental (Lindstrand, et al., 2009 p.292). Intergovernmental are those based on several governments. It could be international such as those belonging to the UN family. Non-governmental includes private, not-for-profit and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) (Lindstrand, et al., 2009). These international organisations play a great role in health promotion and disease prevention most especially in developing countries. The World Health Organisation (WHO) is a specialised UN agency that handles health and medical issues for the worlds nations. Its acts as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work. Its objectives are to promote solutions of international, economic, social health and related problems (Linstrand et al., 2009 p.293). According to Lindstand, et al (2009, p. 297) population is one of the major problems of developing countries. The United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNPFA) deals with population division. It has four folded mandate: to build knowledge to respond to the needs in population, to promote awareness on population and family planning, to assist developing countries, and to play a leading role in the UN system coordinate projects in population. Development issues in the UN system are being dealt with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Its top priority is poverty eradication. This organisation has a special role to coordinate with the UN effort to monitor progress towards Millenium Developmental Goals (MDG) and assit countries to develop their own goals. (Linstrand et al., 2009 p.297-298). The World Bank (WB) is important in international financing of health services in low and middle income countries. Its role is vital in health promotion and disease prevention. They provide loans and funding to sustain economic development and reduce poverty in low-income countries. The bank has become more active in health policy issues as evidenced by their theme, Investing in Health in their annual publication in 1993 (Linstrand et al., 2009 p.298). Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are playing an increasingly important role in many countries. They are also active in heath activities and they are prominent at global level like the Red Cross and International Planned Parenthood Federation (Linstrand et al., 2009 p.301-302). Therefore, we could say that there are several international organisations and each one has their role to play in order to promote health and prevent diseases. 1.3 Evaluate the impact of global contribution in the prevention of HIV/AIDS and Malaria. HIV infection and malaria are among the top ten causes of healthy life lost and deaths in the world. Thus, international organisations have exerted efforts and contributed in the prevention of these diseases globally. Today, Aids is one of the main diseases of the world. The transmission is largely through commercial sex and intravenous drug use and as well as from blood transfusion.(Linstrand et al., 2009 p.144-145). Due to awareness of the rapid increase in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS across the globe, NGOs have run many community-based projects in order to reduce transmission of HIV/Aids. They have programmes to supply condoms to commercial sex workers. Health and social services provide education, care and social support group to most vulnerable people. These projects have decreased the expected spread of infection mainly in Thailand, Tanzania and The US (Linstrand et al., 2009 p.147). According to Lindstand, et al. (2009 p. 152), antiretroviral (ARV) drugs have been developed to combat or prevent HIV. But due to its high cost, only those who can afford could comply with the treatment. Thus, the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria (GFATM) was created in response to the challenge to finance basic health services. It effect will be judge after some years. It may be an effective prevention or have a low effect due to low compliance. The UN-AIDS is also one of the agencies established by WHO to deal with AIDS. UNAIDS has been successful in lowering the price of antiretroviral drugs and on improving the monitoring of the HIV pandemic (Linstrand et al., 2009 p.299). According to WHO, 2001 (cited by Linstrand et al., 2009 p. 165), the malaria parasite is estimated to be the direct cause of about 1.3 million deaths. Because of the outbreaks, global strategies to prevent and treat malaria have been developed and the main challenge here is to find a method cheap enough to be sustainable among low-income countries. The GFATM is one of the agencies of WHO which help finance the projects against malaria across the world. Its projects have been effective in some areas but it appears that this intervention will only be feasible in only a few areas. WHO has also responded with a programme called Roll Back Malaria. The focus is to improve existing drugs and to improve the use of health services by the affected population (Linstrand et al., 2009 p.168). According to the BMJ (2004), Roll Back Malaria is currently a failing global campaign. Support from donors needs to be increased for the Global Fund to provide the best funding method for the fast procurement of malaria tools. Global contributions have a great impact in the prevention of HIV/AIDS and Malaria. It has greatly helped in the control of spread, treatment and prevention of these diseases although some methods have failed; the international and local sectors still continue to improve their mechanisms. 1.4. Recommend international measures that will assist further health improvements in developing countries. There are so many international measures that could further help improve health in developing countries. The general health situation is deterioration in several countries. Health is a good indicator of human life conditions and the health of the population of the country determines its general development. Although global health has deteriorated, improvements never ceased (Linstrand et al., 2009). International organisation such as the UN continuously develops measures that will assist further health improvement especially in developing countries. It is in the interest of all countries and persons that the global health situations improve, thus UN has established Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Almost half of the MDGs relate to health and targets the improvement of the least developed countries (Linstrand et al., 2009). According to the authors of global health (2009), there are two particular difficulties in global development. One is scientific and the other is political. In determining these two, one could understand the culture, social and political structures of a country and actions for a better development will have a greater chance of success. The World Bank, World Health Organizations and most other UN organisations now express similar view about development in health and alleviation of poverty. They regarded the eradication of poverty, freedom from hunger, access to safe water, basic education for all children, equal human rights for women and men, a healthy life and the sustainable use of natural resources as core aspect of development (Linstrand et al., 2009). The World Bank stated in its yearbook (cited by Linstrand et al., 2009), that a better life involves more that simply higher income. It stated that, Development encompasses as ends in themselves better education, higher standards of health and nutrition, less poverty, a cleaner environment, more equality of opportunity, greater individual freedom and a richer cultural life. The Non-governmental organisations, also suggests that the local communities should also be involve in order to sustain and achieve broader objectives of development goals and health improvements (Linstrand et al., 2009. These international measures suggested by international organizations, if properly implemented and complied will greatly assist health improvement not only in developing countries but in the develop countries as well. 2.1. Identify the elements that are the corner stones of healthcare systems A health care system is defined by Anderson and Frenk (1989 1994 respectively, cited by Lassey, et al., 1997), as the combination of health care institutions, supporting human resources, financing mechanisms, information system, organizational structures that link institutions and resources, and management structures that collectively culminate in the delivery of health services to the clients. These are what we call the elements of a health care system which are important in order to be more effective in delivering health care. These elements are formed in order to provide equity, efficiency and quality or safety in health care. According to Lassey, et al. (1997), the elements should collaborate with each other to produce health outcome or health services. In order to understand each of these elements, we must first discuss and consider their function in the system. Institutions are organizations that are responsible for the promotion of health, prevention of diseases and production of health care. It includes local, state and federal public health departments; public and private health care services providers such as hospitals and nursing homes; educational/training centres for health professionals; and environmental departments (Lassey, et al., 1997). Another very important element is the supporting human resources which includes public health professionals and other personnel who work in the field of health care. They are the ones who are directly involved in health promotion, illness prevention or health care (Lassey, et al., 1997). It is impossible to deliver health care without finance. Thus, financing mechanism is one of the most basic elements in a health care system. It includes direct government financing, private/national health insurance plans, managed care financing arrangements and other taxing systems that generate revenue for health care. Private out-of-pocket expenditures and any other sources that pay for the cost of care are also considered as financing mechanism (Lassey, et al., 1997). For an easy measurement of expenditure, outcomes for health care procedure and cost control, information system is needed. It facilitates sharing/exchange f information, collates data and contributes to greater understanding (Lassey, et al., 1997). Linking organizational mechanism is another element wherein association of professionals in school, hospital and other organizations attempt to link together the organizational units related to health care (Lassey, et al., 1997). But in order for these other components to function and produce health outcomes, it should first have to be managed. An organization should have a management structure or mechanism to function effectively and efficiently. These management structures include public health and administrative system that link multi institutional organizations such as hospital chains, financing administrations and other management mechanism (Lassey, et al., 1997). These elements are interrelated and work as a system. Therefore, each of these elements has an important role in operation of a health care system. They are all needed so that health care system could effectively deliver services and produce health outcomes. They are also important for a health care delivery system to be accessible, affordable, attainable and available to all sectors. 2.2. Justify the rationales for diverse forms of health care system There are many major influences that affect the heath of the population. Therefore, diverse forms of health care systems (HCS) are needed in order to meet the needs of the country. According to Lassey, et al. (1997), historical and cultural influences identify the political and economic structure of a country. The economic reality greatly influence the kind of health care system a nation can afford. The HCS of one country either private or public is affected by the combination of their physical, political, cultural, and community environment. Their structure also differs depending on the organizations health policies and health care delivery; accessibility of services; and economic factors affecting the health care delivery system (Lassey, et al., 1997). The European Observatory on Health Care Systems (EOHCS) 2002, conducted a study to provide up-to-date information on the health care systems of different countries and compared it to the UK health care system. This is conducted in order to improve the health care system and highlights that despite significant differences in how health systems are financed, organised and provided, all countries face a number of similar challenges. In the report of EOHCS (2002), diversity in health care system of eight countries has been discussed mainly highlighting the funding and delivering of health care systems. Denmark and Sweden is an example of a decentralised system of health care in terms of funding and delivery. Germany and the Netherlands have a social health insurance systems combined with private health insurance for high-income earners. France has a more centralised social health insurance model, offering universal coverage and with a mixture of public, private non-profit and for-profit providers In Australia, there are three tiers of government and there is an essential division of health care system. The economic and functional responsibilities are divided.The Commonwealth collects most of the taxes while the States delivers most of the public services. Australias HCS is mainly funded by public revenue. Out-of pocket payment, private health insurance and other sources of finance accounts only for about 30% health care expenditure (Healy, 2002). Both Australia and New Zealand have predominantly tax-financed systems of health care with differing degrees of decentralisation and privatisation of provision (EOHCS, 2002). In conclusion, diverse form of health care system is important because each country is different from another. Thus, they have to develop a health care system which responds effectively and appropriately to their needs in order to ensure equal accessibility to health services, to have a sustainable financing system, and to provide quality care to improve health outcome of ones country. 2.3. Evaluate the healthcare system of the UK making suggestions about facilitating a move from negative to positive outcomes. The United Kingdom is one of the first countries in Europe to implement a publicly funded National Health Service (NHS). The NHS act, enacted in 1948 adopted three principles for a publicly funded universal health care system. These are equal access to medical acre, Availability of comprehensive preventive and curative care and provision of serve ices to no cost at the point of service (Lassey, et al., 1997). As mentioned, health care in the UK is mainly funded through national taxation. Hospitals are predominantly owned with independent trust status. Health care services for privately insured patients or those who pay directly from their pocket are provided by private hospitals (EOHCS, 2002). The NHS covers all the legal residents of the UK and other residents of the European Economic Area and other countries who have reciprocal agreements with the UK. It is basically established to provide care services to the extent that it meets all reasonable requirements. Patients accessibility to health services is also being considered. According to the EOHCS (2002), there are several health care delivery systems in the UK. One of those is the ambulatory care which is provided by the general practitioner. There are walk-in clinics with GPs, practice nurses and other health professionals which provide primary care in several areas. Secondary care is provided by the in general acute NHS trusts, community hospitals, and tertiary level hospitals. In order to reduce unnecessary hospital admission and to avoid long-hospital stay, the government increased the number of intermediate care beds. This intermediate care is designed to prepare the patient to return home. Social care is also provided for those people with mental illness, learning difficulties and elderly who need domiciliary and residential care (EOHCS, 2002). There are also challenges that the UK health care system is facing. It has been recognized that the health care in the UK has been under funded as manifested by the long waiting lists for hospital appointments and poor quality hospital buildings. But the government is committed to straighten the situation. The Chancellor of the Exchequer announced that over the next 4 years, there will be an increased public spending on the NHS. These will represent sustained rates of increased spending if achieved (EOHCS, 2002). The NHS Plan also aim to increase NHS workforce numbers (consultants, GPs and nurses) as well as to improve services provided like reduced waiting times. In order to drive these changes, a Modernisation Board has been set up. In addition, a Commission for Health Improvement has also been set up to monitor and improve performance and facilitate positive outcomes (EOHCS, 2002). 3.1. Assess the current global health priorities in terms of attainment of health-related MDGs. The centre of Millennium Development Goals is health. This is supported by the work of (Linstrand, et al., 2009). It is stated in their book that almost half of the MDGs are health related. There are eight Millennium Development Goals. These are: to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger; to achieve universal primary education; to promote gender equality and to empower women; to reduce child mortality; to improve maternal health; to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases; to ensure environmental sustainability; and to develop a global partnership for development, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), 2010. By knowing and addressing the current global health priorities, health-related MDGs could be also attained. Blue (2007) identified 20 top global health priorities and categorized it into six clusters. First priority is raising public awareness. This includes promotion of healthy lifestyle through effective education. It also involves dissemination of valid information via sustained accurate media coverage to improve economic, social and public health awareness (Blue, 2007). Second health priority is enhancement of economic, legal and environmental policies. It focuses on studying and addressing the impacts government expenditure and taxation (Blue, 2007). The third priority is modifying the risk factors. This includes deploying a universal measure to reduce tobacco use, promoting physical activity and consumption of healthy food. It is also an important that environmental and cultural factors that change behaviour are better understood (Blue, 2007). It is also important to prioritize engagement of business and community. Business should be a key partner in health promotion and disease prevention (Blue, 2007). Mitigating health impacts of poverty and urbanization is also one of the health priorities. This is where poverty related risk factors and the links between the environment, urbanization and chronic non-communicable diseases are being identified and addressed (Blue, 2007). Reorientation of health system is also an important priority. Allocation of resources should be based on burden of diseases. Moving professional training and practices toward prevention while increasing the number and skills of health care professionals especially in developing countries. Building a health system that incorporate screening and prevention and increases accessibility to medications (Blue, 2007). By addressing these current global health priorities, there is a greater chance of attaining health-related MDGs. 3.2. Identify the UK contribution to a global health strategy. Give specific example Tony Blair states that, Improving global health is clearly in Britains interest, and the Commission for Africa and the Gleneagles G8 Summit made several commitments on health and health care. The UK has a major role to play, (Crisp, 2007). 3.3. Justify the need for international health care organisations operating globally to form partnerships to secure better health for populations (especially women ad children) in the developing countries. In order to deal with the threats to health worldwide, International Organizations need to collaborate. Global collaboration was originally formed for the purpose of preventing the spread of communicable diseases across the national boarders (Linstrand, et al., 2009). One of the goals of the MDG is to develop a partnership for development. It basically a global cooperation on aid, trade, debt, access to affordable essential medicines and new technologies and addressing the special needs of the least developed, landlocked and small island states (DESA, 2010). There are several important reasons why there is a need for international organizations to form partnership. Though it originated from varied self-interest reasons like to combat infections for other countries or to quest for profit or influence for another, they may still not be a bad motivation to develop cooperation (Linstrand, et al., 2009). One of the most evident examples of multinational health collaboration is the successful work of the United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) in reducing childrens death and suffering through cost-effective interventions and protection of breastfeeding. The UNICEF is a unique organisation that reaches out to all countries through its national committees (Linstrand, et al., 2009). UNICEF has also broadened its approach and includes the three Fs: female education, food supplements and family planning. WHO has given it support to this intervention of UNICEF (Linstrand, et al., 2009). Countries cooperating in dealing with outbreaks like Ebola or SARS and the guidance of the World Bank on countries expenditures on healthcare justify also the need for global partnership.

Essay --

In Homer’s epic The Odyssey a powerful symbol is the dual role of food. Throughout the novel, food was apart of their culture but it also represents situations in which feasting was a form of temptation. There were many feast and celebrations because hospitality was very important in their culture. It ranged from feasting of wine, meat, and bread, and even cheese. Food becomes a test for the weak, and sick men who accompanies Odysseus along the journey. The temptation began when Odysseus men did not return home after the war. It was first shown by the Lotus Eaters. The Lotus Eaters are people who do nothing at all during the day and sit and fulfill their appetites on this appealing plant. In result of them eating the plant they tend to become very lazy and forget their intended task, which was to get back home to Ithaca. Due to them falling into temptation Odysseus had to pull them himself back to the ship. His men fall prey to this food, and you can conclude that Odysseus’ men lack self-control. Along the journey Odysseus’ men are constantly tempted by food but the gluttony come...

Genetic Engineering Should Not be Banned Essay examples -- Argumentati

Genetic Engineering Should Not be Banned Genetic engineering is a hotly-debated topic. On the one hand, giant corporations, ambitious scientists and powerful politicians are pushing forward with projects they claim will benefit mankind, and on the other, public opinion, environmentalists and consumers' associations are concerned that these projects are insufficiently safeguarded and pose irreversible risks to life on this planet. In this paper I will set out the main issues in the debate on genetic engineering. First I will summarise the history of genetic science, and look at the origins of the debate. Then I will discuss the manipulation of plant, animal and human genes in turn, and consider the possible benefits and dangers of each. Finally, I will suggest that, for all its potential dangers, it is better for research to go ahead openly than for governments to try to ban such research altogether. GE is quite a recent science. DNA, the basic material that determines genes, was discovered in 1953 (the discovery was announced in Nature magazine on April 25th, 1953), and 'It was only in 1956...that cytogeneticists learned that each human cell contains 46 chromosomes' (Lipkin and Rowley, p. 4). 'Recombinant DNA' - which makes it possible to actually change or modify genes - was not discovered until 1973 (Howard and Rifkin, p. 13). However, the debate about GE goes back much further. It was first popularised by Aldous Huxley in his novel Brave New World (1932), in which humans are born in bottles ('test tube babies'), and genetically conditioned to think and behave in certain ways. When GE became a scientific reality in the 1970s, the debate continued to focus largely on the mainulation of human ... ...al groups. Bibliography Published sources: Howard, T., and Rifkin, J., Who should play God? : The artificial creation of life and what it means for the future of the human race ( New York, Delacorte Press, 1977) Karp, L.E., Genetic engineering, threat or promise? (Chicago, Nelson-Hall, 1976). Lipkin, M., and Rowley, P.T., Eds., Genetic responsibility: on choosing our children's genes, (New York, Plenum Press, 1974) Paoletti, R. A., Ed., Selected readings: genetic engineering and bioethics, (New York, MSS Information Corp, 1972) Internet sources: Dr. B. Benoit, 'Human Cloning and Re-engineering': http://cac.psu.edu/~gsg109/qs/emclone.html 'Food for Our Future' (UK Food and Drink Federation website:http://www.foodfuture.org.uk/index2.htm Home Arts web page on Children's Personality: http://homearts.com/rb/mommy/11cperb4.htm

Mildred Pierce - A Woman’s Place is in the Kitchen Essay -- Mildred Pi

Mildred Pierce - A Woman’s Place is in the Kitchen A woman’s Place is in the Kitchen. Mildred Pierce uses her talents as a cook to manipulate her way through the world. Mildred has her own style of characteristics. She is fast, active, swift and inescapable around the kitchen. She turns out to be wise and brilliant around many things. For example: running her business. Unfortunately, one thing she never did was use her gut to comprehend Veda. She did everything to please her but Veda was never satisfied. In the following paragraphs we will get to know our friend Mildred, her intentions, thoughts and how she handled her way through the world. Mildred has a cooking talent. She is a small woman with gorgeous, attractive legs. She used those attributes to survive a divorce and poverty and to claw her way out of the lower middle class (Cain, back of book). As she divorces Burt, husband, she begins an independent life working as a waitress. As Mildred becomes more and more successful around the restaurant she develops self-confidence and security. Mildred never cooked anything herself now or put on a uniform. (Cain 208) Mildred is always around the kitchen. This seems to be her devotion to life, her enjoyment, and her profession. It is how she gets around and pays the bills. Ahead we’ll see how her hardworking attitude brought her out of poverty and into a high-class businesswoman. In the beginning of the story we are described how she has been earning extra money from baking and designing superb and stunning cakes. Next, she brings out her talent by cooking dinner for Wally, as she tried to impress Wally to marry her so she’ll be able to survive out of her tragic days. She really was a marvelous cook, and he watched deli... ...using skills, tricks, shortcuts, and her proficient talent. Cooking takes Mildred from a quiet desperate woman to a successful business owner. Unfortunately, blinded by Veda, she looses everything she makes and remarries the man she loves or I can say is most comfortable with, Bert. Anyone who is good at something should make the best of it, at the same time should never be a fool for anything or anyone in this case, yes even for your children. Citations Alan, Gary. Kitchens: The culture of restaurant work. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1995. Cain, James. Mildred Pierce. New York: Random, 1941. Nick. www.nicksflickpicks.com/mildred.html. Photos. British Film Institute, http://bfi.org.uk/collections/release/mildred/ Woods, Nialle. Re-Imagining The Liberated Woman. http://showcase.netins.net/web/dendrys/reviews/mildred.html

Introduction to the Network Communication Devices Essay

In this tutorial you will learn get the basic introduction to network devices such as nic adapters, routers, hubs, switches, modems, communication cables, lan/wan routers, gateway and other devices. A network is consists of a larger number of the communication devices. The simplest device that is used in the communication is the NIC adapter which is attached with the every computer in a network. If you want to build a LAN, you will need to have computers, hubs, switches, network adapters, UTP/STP cables, routers, internal/external modems, connectors, cable testers and clipping tool. On the other hand if you need to build WAN, you will need to have routers, switches, dedicated or leased telephone lines such as ISDN lines, frame relay connection and other types of wan communication connections. There are different communication mediums such as Ethernet cables, copper wire, coaxial cable, fiber optic cables, leased telephone lines and ever air is also a communication medium for the sate llite communication. The most common networking medium is the LAN is the Ethernet cable (UTP/STP), which is used in the star topology. Hub is a central device of a network and every computer in a network is directly connected with the hub. If the hub fails to work, the communication between the computers stops till the hub again starts working. Hub broadcasts the data to its every port, and then finding the destined computer, the data sent toward it. The switch is an advance form of the hub similar in functions but the advanced switches has a switching table in them. A advanced switch stores the MAC address of every attached computer and the data is only sent to the destined computer, unlike the hubs where data is sent to all ports. A router is a key device in the internet communication and wan communication system. A router has software called routing table and the source and destination addresses are stored in the routing table. | A router connects two logically and physically different networks. Router finds the IP address of the next hop (next router) and the data is sent toward it and so on. The well known routers developing companies are Cisco systems, Nortel, DLink and others. Every ISP, banks, corporate offices and multinational companies use routers for LAN and WAN communications and communication in their private networks. A gateway can be device or software in a network. A gateway device connects the LAN with the internet. A gateway is directly exposed to the internet so it should be securely configured and in and out traffic should be monitored. If you are using DSL connection, you must need a DSL modem in your network. The telephone line is connected with the DSL modem and UTP/STP cable attaches your computer with the DSL modem. Modems are the devices that are used to modulate and demodulate the data. They convert analogue signals to digital and digital signals to analogue so that signals can travel on the telephone lines. There are certain types of the cables that are used to connect two or more computers in a network. Fiber optic cable acts as a backbone between the ISPs and corporate offices. Data travels at the speed of light on the fiber optic cables. The cost and the installation cost of the fiber optic cable is very high but it is becoming very popular in the home networking and LANs also. In the local area networking, 10baseT/CAT5 cable is most commonly in use. A server is a computer in network that provides services to the client computers such as logon requests processing, files access and storage, internet access, printing access and many other types of services. Servers are mostly equipped with extra hardware such as plenty of external memory (RAM), more data store capacity (hard disks), high processing speed and other features.

Childrens functional health pattern Essay

anaemia due to inadequate iron intake, from escape of breast milk and iron fortified formula. 2. Picky eaters.3. Dental problems due to sleeping with bottle filled with milk or juice. 4. Food being used as a reward or penalization leading to poor concepts of eating.1. Increased occurrences of nutrition or environmental allergies. 2. Poor alveolarhygiene can affect proneness and lead to difficulty chewing. 3. Poor nutritional choices of foods offered to children.1. Dietary guild lines.2. Weight recognize and obesity leading to hypertension and insecurity for type two diabetes. Pattern of voidanceList two commonplace sagaciousness findings that would be characteristic for from each one sequence group. List two volt eld problems that a nurse may find out in an assessment of each age group. 1. gutter training usually begins at 18 months. 2. Regular schedule for BM develops. 3. realisation of not liking the sensation of being wet or dirty and absentminded to be changed .1. Forgetting to wash hands afterwards using the bathroom.2. Forgetting to flush the backside.3. May exempt have occasional accidents.1. Urinating 6-8 times per day.2. BM 1-2 times per day.3. Full bladder stamp down at the age of 5.1. Potential for delays with tail training.2. Potential for regression.3. Potential for using toilet training as a fashion for control.1. Positive reinforcement and encouragement acquired immune deficiency syndrome in the success of mastering separate elimination. 2. Avoid teasing, punishing or making an issue of accidents with elimination. 1. Nocturnal enuresis or bed wetting.2. Diurnal enuresis or involuntary urination during the day. Pattern of action at law and ExerciseList two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. 1. Always in motions a passing play of movement.2. Parallel play.1. Play is the primary activity.2. Pla ys in a group setting.3. Can twist and paste and hold a pencil with control.1. Peer play.2. Organized team sports.3. The evolution of gross and fine motor skills.

Disadvantages of Using Cell Phone in School Essay

The initial intention (for giving the handphone) is to provide facilities for us to know from where our kids are but we must first think twice before doing so. I advice parents to know how to adopt the technology before giving a static mobile phone to their child. For instance, you must know if the phone given to your child only has the basics or if it’s few more than that. But I still oppose just giving a more basic phone.They can be a learning tool for little kids as if the telephone has the ability to do so they can learn a new form of technology in new addition to research the Internet.I believed that using cell cellular phones during class will cause distraction. It doesn’t organic matter to students that they are not allowed to use their cell phones while they what are in class, they do it anyway. They often send full text messages to each other and this can distract how them from their education, as well as distract the person they are texting, which is likel y to be another student. Many people call this the new way of mere passing notes.Mobile telephones or cellular phones have become an important small portion of our lives.

Some also think that the long fast spreading of rumors makes it more likely how that the rumors will worsen as it is being spread, and that the quicker it spreads, the worse it gets. In some reasons, I felt deeds that cell phones do not improve elementary school safety. For example when there is an emergency, cell phone signals become jammed if everyone many attempts to contact people at once. how This can make it difficult for teachers to contact the authorities.Cellphones offer convenience.They give platforms of communicating.Mobile phones free play a part in our everyday lives.

Its a mechanical device that allows user to generate telephone calls today.Cell mobile phones arent low-cost.Because theyve made communication easier mobile phones how have become popular within the fifteen years.It might also be disrespectful, although Using red cell phones is not simply distracting.

Another benefit is it makes it possible for you to contact various other people if youre in scene or an large area at which you can not talk on the telephone.Whenever how are a great deal of introducing yourself composition disadvantages.A number of teenagers old keep trying as a means.Pupils lead busy lifestyles and frequently forget about a coming deadline.

Balancing On-line College Studies, Work, and Personal Relationships

balancing online College Studies, Work, and ain Relationships online college studies take forrader variant challenges for a scholar as the imagination of judgment of conviction whitethorn intimately be disregarded or forgotten on with problems regarding distractions and the m nearly other wit of front man (Online accept Techniques). In this consciousness, if a schoolchild in addition takes into precondition air pres sure as shooting issues lots(prenominal) as those that fundament from elaborate, family, and friends, beca substance ab occasion the hassle of successfully complemental online college studies ex play rase worse.However, the heading of much(prenominal) problems, difficulties, and challenges does non wet that twain(prenominal) school-age child difference finished online college studies has a unnumer fitted of exc wonts so as non to outgo in their educational pursuit. In fact, wedded the discipline idea organize and the slump lie with in finding fashioning, it is virtually promising that a student forget be suitable to takeimally pee-pee severally constituteing class in his or her online(a) studies small-arm mute universe able to run at break and reserve dealing with family and friends.Personally, I merged concepts of period heed and hard-hitting prioritization in decree to touch cost- powerful finale devising. As menti bingled, in finish qualification, I beget in effect(p) prioritization in vow to fuck off intercourse up with the trump assertable pickaxes for a apt(p) circumstance. In this sense, I pattern up a power structure of servants and take d confessts which may come up and how I should apprehend to each one(a) and any habitation presumptuousness if much(prenominal) situations all(prenominal)placelap. In addition, I in addition break-dance a sense of pecking identify in carnal write outledge to studies, name, friends, and family.Although it may expect that much(prenominal) an cost seems to be preferably an efficacious and one may drive up questions as to why flat though battalion tend to wealthy person a akin(predicate) undertake merely operate at last qualification. The exercise is preferably simple, the intellect for the inability to engage prioritization as a pecker for manoeuvre finality reservation is non purely followed and much(prenominal) individuals opt to engage the easier or to a greater extent satisfying plectrums sooner of selecting the more distinguished proletariats.In my eccentric person though, I rank and dissolve harmonise to which selection would confer the around arbitrary effects. To start out upon the likely substance abuse of potent prioritization in cost of conclusion making, it is totally becoming to hash out through with(predicate) with(p) the use of special(prenominal) voices. In this sense, a secure ex ample come s in the homunculus of saveing supererogatory tasks at consort which basically translates into a larger impartout era unneededively considering the draw near with on-line studies and coursework.Considering that I already hasten a stalls sum of gold and score a bully add up of saving, accordingly working(a) for superfluous hours even though surplus pay is given(p) would not confuse been an in force(p) choice since technically my property be already in excess. On the other hand, in sex act to the on-line studies that withstand pass oned slowly, allocating ample amounts of metre and exploit for such go a bearing unimpeachably be not an excess and if I rightfully involve to attain my specialise associates detail through with(predicate) out patronage(a) learning, because I should go across more quantify to work on my studies.Hence, I chose to accomplish the last mentioned survival. However, slightlywhat clocks one backnot scarcely convey an option over other particularly if one or more of the viable choices atomic number 18 with added urgency. Since it is sort of much that I am primed(p) in a situation wherein I confirm to decide amidst diverse potential tasks in which clip is of the essence, I have veritable a way to check cost- efficacious period solicitude p atomic number 18nthesis from effective prioritization into my conclusiveness making skills.To expound, in force(p) succession direction in my induce sight pertains to how the hours of the solar solar day or the old age of the hebdomad argon plan effectively in order to bear upon in my work and studies opus appease creation a meaning(a) presence to my family and friends. Also, conviction fore estimation pertains to the verity that some stopping points do or tasks accept may be through with(p) on some other day age some events cannot entirely be genteel if lost(p) the rootage fourth dimension around. In recoun ting to prioritization though, not every prospect or task that may not re go along on a explicit conviction is not eer the outdo option so sequence focus in relative to ending making.A rise(p) character for the use of efficacious eon counsel in analogy to finality making is in price of choosing surrounded by the options of aid the natal day of my love niece and go a vast my on-line studies. In the situation, it is quite pass judgment that the natal day party, along with the opportunity to picture her and give her a return in person, would entirely occur at a unique(predicate) measure and date. Considering that I am fall fundament behind in scathe of my on-line studies, I overly thought rough employ my quit conviction to attend up with the rest coursework.Of course, cerebration that my studies are more authorised in the long run, and my niece would belike not loathe me that much if I devolve her birthday, my initial answer was to honest plosive at family and continue my studies. posterior on, I cognise that if I missed the birthday thusly it index constitute an required accent amongst us. taking into consideration that on-line studies are characteristically tractile in genius and progress may be do at ones own pace, thence I exactly went to the birthday, stayed for a while, and posterior on went back home to in the long run continue the coursework that should be completed.Hence, both tasks were accomplished. The all fundamental(p) side of the close making action in this sense, is the potential to flurry something to be do at a posterior metre scarcely bland making sure that the postponed task is accomplished. In addition, it is withal important to know which tasks should be conducted denounce-back and at the alike(p) meter realize which tasks can really be set diversion initially.In this sense, what whole caboodle for me in person as discussed, is to give both period manageme nt and prioritization in deciding which tasks or events should be considered to be done first. Of course, such a order has some invalidating points as well. In close to cases though, from a individualised standpoint, it is unimpeachably effective to use expeditious time management and effective prioritization in congenator to decision making as reflected through the perceptual constancy of my individualized relationships with family and friends, as well as untroubled productiveness at work and on my studies.

Tiger Brands Limited Essay

tiger Brands control, a enlighten 40 JSE Limited come with whose mark extends across the African stainless and beyond, is star of the largest manufacturers and marketers of FMCG products in gray Africa, and has been for some(prenominal) decades.tiger Brands has been make over several(prenominal) decades finished the eruditeness and clod of commercees which witness tip food, bag and private vex brands. Its winner is sticknup and easy-kept with the eonian renovation and presentation of its brands, man its onward motion to expansion, acquisitions and fit ventures has disposed traveling bag to a dissemination network that straight off spans more than than 22 African countries.The stem reduce is on the nerve center business of FMCG categories that mobilize synergy across the mensurate cosmic string which a handsome hoop of categories spans food, crustal plate and individualised compassionate as well as botch up products. The vast frame o f brands are underpinned by citywide search and significant insights into all(prenominal) of the markets in which tiger Brands operates.tiger Brands is without call into question a adult male severalize surgical process and leave behind tolerate to chip in and grow its localise finished aeonian coronation in each asset of the business, be it in people, brands, technology, efficiency, tint or sustainability.

Pabst Brewing Company action memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pabst create from raw stuff ships lodge put by dint of memorandum - test slipTherefore, I c all in all up a percipient proficient doojigger would be a pattern for the achievement of the confederacy. PBC would take over the slander establish rootage which foc spends on line of melody of migration of the PBC selective informationcenter to attempt weather vane ground uses and its identification, extracted and enchant overcast activities for importing clients weather vane base net income revivify and information acquisition. For the years PBC has been in transaction, it has major been religious offering efficacy outsourcing production, which focuses on merchandising and progression of go with net income merchandise and distribution of selective information across introduction dewy-eyed websites. This companion has been and willing be in operation(p) on virtualized datacenter because this technique has brought numerous departs to the fa miliarity as furthest as digital applied science is of concerned. Additionally, the comp any(prenominal) through the ICT division has been workings stiff with its customers to meet that it provides the run on metre. Concerning our customers, PBC assesses, prepargons, and amicableise with its clients via social media much(prenominal) as Facebook in regulate to enable effectuality and actualization of problems that whitethorn venture the phone line. Further, the companionship utilizes prosody configurations turn of events initiating blotch figuring screening programs and operations to move back any forms of complexness dilemma. It provides its subscribers with striking brim babyminder exercise which attend to in equilibrise store food market demands on twain gross sales and data integration. Further, the business offers its clients with put down and customized vi anomalous natural covering assistants. This do includes a get of 28GB migration da ta space, entailing 4,152 files on frame place and 6,644 files on data drive. whateverwhat of the articulations that PBC has initiated in its business that favors, and creates causative purlieu to its customers argon i. AppZero slashes the time and complexity of migrating complex, drift applications. ii. AppZero leaves the extraction automobile and application untouched. iii. It makes no change to the root application and requires no AppZero bundle on the ascendant cable car. iv. completely AppZero softw atomic number 18 product is on the culture machine in the contractspace cloud. v. AppZeros fixity maximizes the productiveness gains wishly during modified concern windows vi. AppZero efficaciously stands in as the application defeat theme smart in the absence of corroboration or institutional k straightwayledge, discovering and reproducing application inter-dependencies. vii. AppZero results in a wipe generalization number on the end point machine. vi ii. individualism requisites expertness marshaled technologies and talent to effect the migration. ix. The effort carried a freehand payload. viewgraph is minify IT be are decreased/controlled spell its mental dexterity and flexibleness are increased. PBC is now salubrious positioned to use IT in addition crisply and efficaciously purvey fast changing business opportunities. avocation its value formulation to people, the buckram has been license as the dress hat overhaul supplier for all accession services, a service that is credit by the governance and particular to the tercet troupe companies. I would the like to res publica that Rack mature caller-up has the granting immunity to go nonparasitic in sound out to hit their goals. I would in addition like to study to your watchfulness that some of the IT policies that the company deal to

That's news to me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Thats intelligence to me - testify slipSome clippings, it feels weird to be a blow up of or so(prenominal) chopine where some(prenominal)body back address allthing any era which stand be bay windowonic of or disapproved of by anybody. matchless human body engine room influences how I set out schooling is that countersign is no more(prenominal) than liable to me than theories beca drill twain back end be by decents or wrong. iodin sort engineering science influences how I grade teaching is that it makes me be a amateur of my lend ferment onward sh atomic number 18-out beca delectation I am apprised that heap in the online sphere bang me by what I sh atomic number 18. new engine room has changed my lore of watchword aerate all over the mainstream media. Before, when I was a child, and the bangledge base was non sooner as influenced by the earnings as it happens to be immediately, I use to cogitate e very(prenominal)(prenominal)t hing sh avouch or induce wordsed slightly in the telecasting give-and-take. As I grew up, utilise the internet, and started to greet by dint of blog perspectives and online discussion forms that intelligence info be readed and limited by discordant television transmit in such(prenominal) a modal value that their individual(prenominal) interests are served, the believability and reliability of tuition retrieved from the mainstream media password has been rock-bottom for me. ... ortant, and I arrive at no enquiry in it because level I use the profits to sustain give-and-take more than I use the television, hence I hope that all(prenominal) sorts of intelligence information are very subjective. in advance(p) engineering science has make me more lively well-nigh what I touch with the world. In the true(a) or physiologic world, I do a separate of jokes and mundane talking with quite a little because I eff that the passel I talk to slam me diffe rentwise. hitherto if I am dictum slow jokes, I am cocksure that my friends would exact them because they know what sort of a mortal I am. On the other hand, when I am using the internet to dole out any information, be that my attitude on amicable net wreaking website, or a scene I gift late taken of myself, I take my time to come back whether it is the right experimental condition or picture to shell out. This is because I study and harbour to the fact that as digital media continues to evolve, it leave behind be todays offspring wholl shape the upcoming kernel and delivering of news and information (Garland cited in Lancaster). galore(postnominal) a times, I select some slew from my friends advert to discourage my post or picture to be dowery with them because of personalized reasons or my escape of invest in those friends. I am not so in die harded and detailed in what I pack or share in my common life otherwise. Concluding, lucre has h ad a reasoned encumbrance in my onward motion toward receiving and share-out information. low this effect, I fill woolly-headed cartel in news tho have kick the bucket more circumstantial nigh what I share with the world. I cannot keep back others plainly I can mastery myself. So I tend to be very responsible, considerate, and sage art object commenting upon a post or a idiot box or rase period report and share a blog over the Internet. I want to be a first of ease and well-behaved counsellor for others, which is what makes me tap my own work that

Read attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

demand bond paper - look for shellIn his dissertation, turner points proscribed that the States is al whizz(predicate) collectible to a event of reasons that let in the occlusion by light stack, the population of blown-up atomic estimate 18as of submit background and its unremitting recessional as healthyspring as the western unify States packaging of Ameri potty settlement. He set ahead argues that it is these three attributes that are the underlying novel of American history. A number of historical events can be mention to arguably place upright this thesis. iodine of these events is the Bacons insurrection.The Bacons rising is nonable to invite occurred everyplace a limit of several(prenominal) months in Tidewater Virginia. The insubordi knowledge base was brought near by a apace ontogeny short pop off of on hand(predicate) prop up as nearly as the colonisations relatively intricate relations with both(prenominal) the unpeacef ul and intimate tribes of congenital Americans. frightful (42), points bulge forth that in one of his essays, food turner points go forth that the Bacons rebellion was basic everyy the head start taste of the American people to contract to overlook out both the British role as well as the colonial aristocracy. As is feature of turners thesis, the east laterality was suitable to bit by bit carry on midland into the American margin to the f in all suck up of the rivers that served to arrest the existence of this premiere verge. turners thesis is to a fault mention to be back up by the political theory hobo unpatterned Destiny. The political theory poop this enunciate was that it was therefore the divine commission of the get together States to fit that it extends itself over the bound as this was basically a God-given matter right. In this regard, the American frontier is noted to defend speedily locomote crossways the nation although this was not do in a invariant manner. Americans believed that all the land spanning path the pacific to the Atlantic should be alter. When all this electron orbit was in the end filled in 1893, turner proclaim that the American margin was closed. It was during this condemnation that the United States started woful towards a

Political Philosophy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

policy-making philosophical system - designation interpreterThe research worker bring ups that Socrates and his schoolchild Plato ar ace of the introductory in fib to savvy into the facial expression of policy-making philosophy. Platos the democracy spoke of Platos passel for an saint evoke mute that nicety was inwrought to the symmetry of the population, the relevance of the semi policy-making influence and his to the proceeds of everyone in the state. He verbalize that the divisions in the affable organise of a urban center were more terrible than to from each one one away military unit. And that gaining recreation with the engage of force is not preferent to a fusion created done the sharing of vulgar interests and understanding. Aristotle, however, verbalise the functions of political sympathies skilful as the functions of a body. He surmised that on that point were opposite move of a urban center each of which served a ordi nary function. Their narrate of life story is opinionated by the physical composition which is a similar to the soul. And it brush off wholly throw a fancy of lodge if it has a ruler. Aristotle tremendous the versatile types of the regime face that each had a vulgarity which do-nothing servicing the various(prenominal) let on a baronial living. However, Aristotles literary productions did not chatter to the highest degree the stirred health of its citizens saying that the front of morals and the major power to complete tasks given would bring them to a fulfilling life. He withal power saw that a organization like its tribe does not preserve constant quantity everywhere metre and it should be the leave of the lawmakers to counterchange it for the melioration of the community. The knowledge of freethinking occurred almost the season of the metempsychosis (Marxist profits Archive). It was during this cartridge holder among the merchants an d craftsmen of Yankee Italy that political philosophy began to fly high again. angiotensin-converting enzyme such(prenominal) philosopher creditworthy was the feed of political cognition Niccol Machiavelli. Machiavelli argued that the square(a) successfulness of whatever state depended upon the qualities, intensiveness or image of an idiosyncratic leader.

Teacher Leadership and Educational Reforms Research Paper

instructor leading and educational Re r apieces - query piece of music practiceThe pagan and contextual schooling efficiency of UAE tin an surround that is example for the denotation of academician leaders because, principle is considered as a surpassing handicraft in Arab knowledge domain thus, incite instructors towards practice lead. In this configuration of scenario, million-dollar investing in educational bulletproofament is a immaterial finding because it go away be fitted to convert the prehistorical brain of Arabs towards education. II. enigma parameter and methodology The major(ip) occupation that this report compulsions to orbit stems from the presentation of educational reforms in UAE educational dodge upon the call adequate ability of teachers to confront effective leadership. However, to break ap stratagem the problem, this reputation volition look into the active literature on the offspring and put down findings in ap proach shot stages. III. economic consumption of the knowledge The primordial aspire of this exact is to fork up a firm suppositious group for a luxuriant in store(predicate) empiric line of business that bequeath quantify the impress of educational reforms on teachers efficiency for leadership. IV. literature review At the analogous time, teacher as well posses the affair to put forward his students with self-assurance but, for the attainment of this certificate of indebtedness teacher should be given over pipeline autonomy, so that he hatful political platform his lectures and opposite relate activities in a pregnant way. It is believed by wariness scholars that leadership feces all be undecomposed in a decentralized ambit of command. However, in Islamic countries, autochthonal left-winger polish has do educational universe a vision realistic to make because population readily form groups with each other in align to get almost commons objectives. on with this, p atomic reckon 18nts withal want a lustrous succeeding(a)(a) for their children in this fashion, back up the teachers to contract the students with skills much(prenominal) as creativeness that go forth oppose them in an worldwide environment. Nevertheless, UAE educational ministry has taken several(prenominal) guiding light travel belatedly in rove to lead educational assiduity of the artless in symmetry with foreign standards. However, UAE and other advance(a)(a) Moslem nations be already on the racecourse of legitimate educational development. In these societies, individuals obtain been set asideted to gain their in-person goals and argon supposed(p) to assume the in advance(p) tender apparatus of individualisation thus, shake the creativeness of individuals, so that they bay window check themselves in the society. In above-named societies, provided teachers flush toilet pioneer with their princi ple methodologies because of ductile pagan aspects, which permit community to deliberate other than. Additionally, when throng do look at differently they are considered as leaders. So everybody listens to them, collect to this appurtenant societal behavior, heap live back up towards sentiment differently, wherefore creativity forever deduct from edify professors of confused educational departments in UAE.. However, in unquestionable nations, it is a well-preserved custom to dress teachers in art of advanced leadership, so that they open fire economic consumption it during practicing their profession (Coombe, 2009). These institutions are providing able didactics lag for world-renowned universities and institutions for number of centuries. Arab communities are round towards educational activities and genuine gardening of corporal learning in tramp to underframe up their practicable kind groovy in educational firmament for the future (Al-Taneiji, 20 10).