Basic Teleological Assumptions of Classical Design Theory Essay Example for Free

Fundamental Teleological Assumptions of Classical Design Theory Essay The Old School of Intelligence Design surmises the presence of a scholarly being behind the production of the universe. Through derivation, it regularly goes about as a proof on the side of a mystical God. The Design hypothesis is normally bolstered on two significant focuses †the multifaceted nature of the universe and the teleological idea of every regular life form that establish the universe. Generally, the old structure hypothesis resorts to a similarity of the machine, which is mind boggling with a totally faultless correspondence between the parts and the entire and has a ‘purpose’ or ‘telos’, in this manner teleological. Utilizing Paley’s now unbelievable case of a mechanical watch that starts its ‘Natural Theology’, one can say that a watch in great condition contains various gadgets that are complicatedly associated with one another in such a manner, that on the off chance that one section moves, it thusly set different parts into development, hence making the perfect timing. The watch is therefore a ‘complex’ machine. At a second or more elevated level, there is a ‘purpose’ behind this whole activity, I. e. the ‘purpose’ of the watch †to determine what time it is to its client. In this manner, all parts add to the entire prompting an all around characterized ‘purpose’, in this way making the gadget ‘teleological’. Paley’s induction, which he reaches out to incorporate a wide range of being and is formed into the focal contention of the Old Design hypothesis, is that ‘there probably existed, sooner or later, and at some spot or other, an artificer or artificers who shaped it for the reason which we discover it really to reply; who fathomed its development, and structured its use’. (Paley) Old Design hypothesis, following Paley’s definition, proceeds to stretch out the similarity to incorporate every single normal being to contend that the universe, being so efficient and unendingly increasingly mind boggling, therefore surmises the presence of an a lot higher insight, or a being with an a lot higher knowledge, who more likely than not made this teleological universe. The general rationale that sets up the proposition is: 1. Machines are delivered by keen structure 2. The universe looks like a machine Therefore, 1. Most likely the universe was delivered by shrewd structure. (Rowe, p. 59) As a proof of this line of obvious end result, we can take a gander at anything of the normal world around us, both energize and lifeless, despite the fact that the enliven causes us to comprehend the rationale better. A tree, for instance, is continued by the sustenance that is delivered by the leaf. The leaf works like a machine, with all its constituents painstakingly planned, organized and invented in such a way in order to fill its precise need †completing photosynthesis and giving the tree, of which it is a section, with the important aid. It is along these lines a teleological unit inside a greater ‘machine’ †the tree. The tree, in its part, has all its constituent parts constructed and sorted out in such a manner in order to make it fill its need †to exist and repeat by making a greater amount of its like. So as to comprehend this similarity, we can determine on the case of a vehicle. A vehicle, in itself, is a teleological unit effectively individuals starting with one spot then onto the next. Be that as it may, it is a mix of numerous littler teleological units †the carburetor, for instance, with parts to suit its express reason †of giving the fundamental ignition to the vehicle to move. (Rowe, p. 57) Thus, an intentional machine can be a blend of numerous constituent deliberate machines, which signify doing the reason for the entirety. Any piece of the human life systems (like Paley’s case of the eye), and its connection to the human body when all is said in done can be considered a case of teleological structure in the regular world. Besides, Sartres existentialism can be taken as a standardizing way of thinking explaining on teleological interpretations. As an existentialist having a place with skeptical standards, Sartre saw subjectivity as the hidden wellspring of motivation behind creation. At the end of the day, it is just the abstract comprehension of things that he thought to be the essential reason for starting. The case of a paper-shaper can be suitably fit here to the setting of elucidating Sartre’s philosophical principle. The propose that Existence goes before substance, as he happened upon, can be advocated by dissuading the reason behind the creation of a paper-shaper. As is self-evident, there are different sides to it. Right off the bat, the individual who makes a paper-shaper comprehends what he is doing and what a paper-shaper is. So it straightforwardly includes the utility of a thing being made or made. Furthermore, the way toward making is likewise known to the creator. Henceforth, a sensible surmising can be drawn from these two interconnected preconditions that help allocating a teleological importance to the entirety. Unnecessary to make reference to, it is impossible that the individual creation the paper-shaper ought to be oblivious of its end-use (Sartre, p. 2) Arguments Old and New Till the finish of the nineteenth century, the Design Theory, with specific capabilities, was believed to be satisfactory as a clarification behind creation and its unbeatable multifaceted nature, through the nearness of an incredibly smart being. Nonetheless, directly from the earliest starting point of its reality and even previously, genuine inquiries and false notions have been brought up in the sensible thinking that draw correspondence between the mechanical and the characteristic world, prompting Intelligent Design hypothesis. These reactions are in actuality more established than in any event, when the Old structure was set down as a philosophical establishment. Hume was perhaps the soonest pundit, and Darwinism was one of the last and most intense reactions of canny structure †nearly driving the perspective to refashion and re-present itself into the New Design hypothesis. The first allegation against the Design hypothesis is that it is at last a relationship. In spite of the fact that Rowe demonstrates in his article that similarity is important to arrive at reality, yet he demonstrates the centrality of relationship just through another similarity, and in this way laying the base of his consistent surmising frail. In any case, regardless of whether we take, for contention, Rowe’s definition to be valid and put stock in relationship to be an approach to arrive at reality, there can be not kidding objections raised against the manner in which the similarity works itself out. One of the principal issues to be hurled by the machine relationship is that the maker of the watch is himself made by something outside to his own self, and hence the maker, an insightful office equipped for activity, should be made. Plan hypothesis regularly deliberately abstains from diving into the idea of the maker, similarly as it does about the ‘purpose’ behind the all inclusive structure. ‘Does shrewd structure hypothesis give informative force? ’ asks Young and Edis, ‘If along these lines, it must give data about the subtleties of the structure and, to this end, about the idea of the creator. ID hypothesis, notwithstanding, intentionally stays away from the responses to this question’. (Youthful and Edis, p. 193) Even in the event that we consider the philosophical meanings of the hypothesis that sets up the maker as a self-made, self-making being, there are different issues that are foregrounded by Rowe. To start with, does a universe containing teleological segments itself become teleological? To demonstrate that every single characteristic item that include the universe have a ‘purpose’ doesn't really demonstrate that the universe itself has a ‘purpose’. All that remaining parts is transference that on the off chance that the constituent items have a reason, at that point the world itself must have a ‘purpose’ where being built by a being that rises above standard knowledge, it is difficult to get a handle on that all-encompassing ‘purpose’ behind creation. Such a contention runs into a threat of misrepresentation, provided that ‘Design Theory’ is propounded to demonstrate the nearness of a God (or a canny being) behind creation, at that point we can't take the nearness of the being as an assumption. All things considered we take to be demonstrated what we are out to demonstrate. Besides, we can consider Hume’s old style analysis of the Old Design hypothesis, which says that it is arrogant to take the teleology and the machine-like efficiency as the very example of the entire universe. Here we run into the peril of accepting our factious premise as just that little area of the universe that is obvious to our tactile observation as the general model of the universe itself, something that we could never know. There might be, and most likely are, different pieces of the universe situated outside the ken of our insight where bedlam rules. The best analysis of the Old Design hypothesis comes as Darwinian Theory of ‘Natural Selection’. Darwin began as a devotee to Paley’s religious model of Design hypothesis, yet because of his experience, deserted and set forward his own hypothesis of ‘Natural Selection’. It expresses that so as to be machine-like in teleology and impeccable in develop, nature doesn't really require a celestial and scholarly being. Nature works regardless of such a nearness or a nonattendance so as to make its life forms most appropriate to the earth, whereby just the living beings that figure out how to suit themselves to the changing condition exist while the other die. The survivors figure out how to make anatomical changes in accordance with make due in the earth, in this way consolidating the part to the entire and carry on the demonstrations of presence and reproduction. Darwin’s finding the subject of Intelligent Design inside the topic of the understood ‘anthropomorphism’ of old style ID, is clear when he discusses ‘Man’ and ‘Nature’ and thei

Thermal Energy :: essays research papers

Lab #7: Thermal Energy Warmth is warm vitality being moved starting with one spot then onto the next, on account of temperature changes. This can occur by three procedures. These three procedures are known as conduction, convection, and radiation. At the point when we place two articles with various temperatures in contact with one another, the warmth from the more sultry item will promptly and consequently stream to the colder item. This is known as conduction. A few articles make incredible conductors of warmth while others make poor conductors of warmth or superb encasings. Silver, copper, and gold make great conduits of warmth. Froths and plastics make great protectors of warmth however make poor conductors. The previous evening for supper, I made myself a barbecued cheddar sandwich and a bowl of tomato soup. I warmed the soup quicker than I cooked the sandwich so I emptied the hot soup into a bowl and wrapped up the sandwich. When I was finished cooking, I chattered the soup bowl and consumed my hand. The warmth from the soup made the bowl hot. This is a case of conduction. Â Â Â Â Â The procedure of conduction between a strong surface and a moving fluid or gas is called convection. The movement of the liquid might be regular or constrained. On the off chance that a fluid or gas is warmed, its mass per unit volume for the most part diminishes. In the event that the fluid or gas is in a gravitational field, the more sultry, lighter liquid ascents while the colder, heavier liquid sinks. For instance, when water in a dish is warmed from underneath on my oven, the fluid nearest to the base extends and its thickness diminishes. The high temp water therefore ascends to the top and a portion of the cooler liquid slides toward the base, along these lines setting up a circulatory movement. This is likewise why the warming of a room by a radiator relies less upon radiation than on common convection flows, the tourist rising upward along the divider and cooler air returning to the radiator from the side of the base. Due to the propensities of sight-seeing to rise and of cool air to sink, radiators are situated close to the floor and cooling outlets close to the roof for greatest proficiency. Â Â Â Â Â Radiation is generally not quite the same as both conduction and convection in that the substances trading heat need not be in contact with one another. All substances discharge brilliant vitality simply by ideals of having a positive supreme temperature.

Essay Writing - Tips to Help You Learn to Write Good Essays

Essay Writing - Tips to Help You Learn to Write Good EssaysMany people would love to just go and buy a essay writing a book to help them with their essays, but the truth is that you can write essays without any assistance at all. Of course you need to find the most effective way to learn, but there are also many excellent books that can teach you the proper way to write a well-written essay. If you want to learn the right way to write essays, here are a few tips to help you learn this.Learn How to Write an Essay: This is by far the most important tip to take away from this article. You need to be able to read and write essay text without the help of other people. Do not be shy about finding out how to do this yourself, especially if it takes you a long time to do so. However, you can save yourself a lot of time by purchasing a great essay writing book and simply learning how to write essays by yourself.Tips to Learn Essays: Once you have acquired some knowledge on how to write essay text, it is time to learn how to structure a well-written essay. You need to pay close attention to the sentence structure. A lot of students think that they have good sentences that flow. However, this is only partially true.Your sentence structure is as important as the content that is in your essay. If you are able to learn how to put together your paragraphs the right way, you will be able to make sure that the reader understands what you are trying to say. Your sentences should never be too long or too short, or you will just make it harder for the reader to understand what you are trying to say.A student's essay should always be factual. This means that you need to use 'fact' in a sentence, rather than just stating an opinion. The reader is much more likely to understand if you use facts ina sentence rather than an opinion.Tips to Write Essays: Of course you do not just have to put facts in your essay; you also need to put emotion in the essay. You do not want to just state yo ur opinion in the essay either. You should state an opinion that is well-reasoned one, and then tie it into your facts. In other words, if you state that you believe that the Pope is a fraud, then you should tie that into your factual opinion by stating that you believe that the Pope is not a fraud.Essay Writing is not hard, it is not complicated, and you do not need to buy any special book or spend a fortune on essay writing materials. The best way to learn how to write an essay is to write one yourself, and then share it with others. I would recommend trying to write your own first, since this can provide you with a better understanding of how to write an essay text.There are many ways to learn how to write a good essay. Some of the best ways to involve actually writing an essay on your own. If you need help, however, you should simply go online and look for excellent and easy to use books that teach the basics of essay writing.

Taking a Look at Social Networking - 1043 Words

This is the generation of technology. Laptops, tablets and cell phones are almost everyone’s best friends. There are thousands of people who wake up with the cell phone alerts, spend time with social network friends and sleep with the music on their tablets and laptops. In fact, in our society, there are nine months babies watching YouTube videos on their parents’ cell phone. Likewise, there are ten/twelve-year kids texting their friends dozens of times a day. Significantly, there are grown folks exercise networking sites like Facebook, Twitter etc. all day along. Ocala states that â€Å"The policy notes that three-quarters of kids aged 12-17 own cell phones; nearly all teens send text messages, and many younger kids have phones giving them online access.† Social network sites are adversely affecting the new generation by serving as an easily accessible platform to commit social crimes, by deteriorating their health both physically and psychologically, and by cre ating a generation isolated with their friends, families and neighborhoods. Unknowingly the new generation is falling into the social networking sites as a podium for making social crimes. It’s sad, but honestly speaking- kids and youngsters are really obsessed to these sites. They wish for the virtual world than the real world. These days they have very little time for their family talks and peer group discussions. Likewise, when we go in-depth, we can see the youngsters trying to get to the negative side of theShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Technology In Fashion921 Words   |  4 Pageswhat they could see on the tv screen and how others dressed. Fast forward some years and the world has been introduced to the wondrous social media frenzy which made a huge splash in the global fashion industry. Fashion has gone through a social media transformation that may last forever depending on our growing technology dependency. Web-based social networking is a constant stage that compasses over the globe; this has greatly affected how purchasers associate with the fashion business. CompaniesRead MoreIs Social Networking Beneficial to People?831 Words   |  3 Pages Is social networking beneficial to people? That is the question that is asked frequently today. Everything has two faces. Social networking is harmful than beneficial for the society. According to Paul Booth an assistant professor of media and cinema, social media certainly affects the way we engage with one another across all venues and ages. He says that â€Å"70% of people shift in the way we communicate rather than face to face interaction, we are tending to prefer mediated communication. We ratherRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects932 Words   |  4 Pages Have you ever wondered why social media is so defective in your life, or why parents tell their children to stay off of social media? Social networking is unquestionably deficient for you physically, emotionally, and mentally. So when your parents ask you to stop checking your phone every five seconds you might want to listen. The majority of social networking users are teens or young adults(20’s). These people are, somehow, figuring out how to gain access to their phones at work, in the car whileRead MoreCausal Essay Trends of Social Networking1301 Words   |  6 PagesThe Trends of Social Networking Social communication has always been a vital need to humanity. At its core, social communication did not change. People still exchange thoughts, feelings and news; however, the ways they socially communicate have radically changed. Online social networking is a recent form of social communication conducted over the internet. It witnessed a huge growth since 1997 with the first social networking website SixDegrees.com (â€Å"Boyd†). Social networking websites provideRead MoreA Brief Note On People And Social Media1297 Words   |  6 PagesPeople and Social Media Many years go, there really wasn’t much to the word â€Å"technology.† The only technology that existed many years ago were basic things that weren t as complicated as the technology we have today. If all the technological advances disappeared, we would have a hard time living and we would be extremely bored. There would be no telephones, computers, or even electricity. It is scary to see how technology has evolved into things we use everyday. Things we could not live withoutRead MoreThe Effect Of Social Media On The Working Environment And Survey Its Utilization As A Successful Business Tools1678 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will look over the effect of social media communication in the working environment and survey its utilization as a successful business tools. The paper will investigate the drivers of improvement and obstacle to change and investigate whether the explanations behind a few associations forbidding or limiting social media communication in the wo rking environment is generally established or corporate suicide. The paper looks to investigate the connection between social networking and organizationalRead MoreSocial Medi Taking Over Academics Essay704 Words   |  3 Pages Social Media: Taking Over Academics Do students feel lost without social media on daily basis? The first social networking site called†SixDegree.com† was existed from 1997-2001. This allowed users to create personal spaces and to connect to peers. â€Å"Friendster, created in 2002, popularized social networking in the United States but was quickly outpaced by other social networking sites such as Myspace (2003), Facebook (2004), Twitter (2006), Pinterest (2009), and Google+ (2012).†(ProCon.com) StudentsRead MoreHow Social Media As A Networking Strategy Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pages10 Ways to Use Social Media as a Networking Strategy are you looking to started with your social media networking strategy? Did you know what to endorse in it? Objectives and goals guide your social media networking strategy to assist you successfully connect with your audience. Social media’s value for brand-building, sales, and customer engagement is regularly discussed and consider. But one area that’s commonly overlooked is its inconceivable social networking ROI, especially for brooder whoRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1654 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Social Media Social Media is an interaction between people where they create, share or an express their ideas and thoughts. It has also been defined as a group of web based applications which help in growing up the technological foundation of the internet. Social networking tools such as Twitter, Facebook, Google plus, BlogSpot, Youtube, Myspace and Wikipedia, and numerous additional technologies which can be considered as social media are changing the way of communication among theRead MoreEffects Of Social Networking On Children And Adults1267 Words   |  6 PagesSocial networking sites are largely used all across the globe. Being more accessible and reasonable, people rely on these sources to stay connected with their kiths and kins. Today, social networking sites have become a bandwagon, turning all other sources of media obsolete, as they are easy on the pocketbook and give freedom of speech to express one’s views. But, think about the negative impacts which social networking site s impose on children and adults. As everything has pros and cons, so do

Jacques D Arc And His Wife Isabelle - 1267 Words

Joan of Arc Jacques d’Arc and his wife Isabelle were blessed with a baby girl early in the year 1412. They named her Jeanne d’Arc, also known as Joan of Arc. They lived in a village called Domremy on the border of eastern France. During the time of Joan’s birth, the French and English had a truce. But events coming soon, will determine the life and death of Joan of Arc. An internal war had erupted between two factions of the French Royal family which in turn, would make it easier for the English to invade once again. One side of the faction was called the â€Å"Orleanist† or â€Å"Armagnac† faction which was led by Count Bernard VII and Duke Charles of Orleans. Their rivals were known as the â€Å"Burgundians† who were led by Duke John-the-fearless of Burgundy. While the French remained divided due to their factions at war, the diplomats failed to extend the treaty with England that was in place. In August of 1415, King Henry V invaded France and then defeated an Armagnac-dominated French army battle of Agincourt on October 25th. In 1417, the English returned, conquering most of northern France and gaining the support of the Burgundian Duke, Philip II. Philip II had agreed to recognize Henry V as the legal heir to the French throne, yet rejected the rival claim of Charles of Ponthieu, which was the last heir of the Valois dynasty that had ruled France since 1328. At the age of 12, Joan began experiencing visions in which she described as both visible and verbalShow MoreRelatedJoan Of Arc Research Paper837 Words   |  4 PagesJoan of Arc was a powerful military leader and a skilled warrior. Now St Joan of Arc is considered a saint and a martyr. The influence left by Joan’s life was an inspiration to all. France was forever changed by the empowering presence of Joan. Saint Joan was born 1412, â€Å"child of Jacques d’ Arc and his wife, Isabelle, also known as Romà ©e, Joan learned piety and domestic skills from her mother. Never venturing far from home, Joan took care of the animals and became quite skilled as a seamstress†

Essay on The Importance of Moderation in Greek Philosophy

Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher, once said that all men possess by nature a craving for knowledge. This idea has been explored for thousands of years within various cultures throughout the world. Within Aristotles own culture, many greek myths were developed that pondered the idea of the constant search for knowledge. One of the most famous perhaps is the myth of Daedalus and Icarus. This myth tells the classic story of a man, Daedalus, who wishes to escape the island of Crete with his son Icarus. He creates wings for both himself and Icarus but warns his son that he should not attempt to fly too low near the water or too high near the sun for fear of death. Icarus does not heade his warning and flies high near the sun. The†¦show more content†¦The main form of government that developed throughout the Greek empire was the direct democracy. However, this system sprang up toward the latter end of the empire. The myth of Daedalus and Icarus was written during the Mino an period, which lasted from 2600-1200 BCE. The Minoans enforced a Beareaucratic Monarchy which was the most prevalent form of government at the time (Dickinson 46). According to Oliver Dickinson, a Bearucratic Monarchy consists of a government that includes a king [monarch] but also employs various other offices to collect taxes, keep order, and enforce laws (47). It appears that the Greeks took active steps to limit the authority of the King, so that he would not have too much power. The government also played an active role in Greek trading. The Greeks predominately traded with Egypt, Italy and other Mediteranean cultures. The government set up trading committees that enforced strict taxes to regulate trade (Dickinson 234). Again there is a certain amount of control and restriction that the Greeks enforced. The strong government employed by the Greeks shows that as modern as their society was, they definitly believed in regulation. The Daedalus and Icarus myth reflects the idea t hat chaos ensues if there is no restriction. Perhaps the best example of limitations on power and knowledge comes from Greek philosophy. The Greeks developed the philosophy of Epistomology, which is the study of knowledge. Within epistomology, there are twoShow MoreRelatedReligion and the Development of the Western World1065 Words   |  5 Pagesthe ruler. The rise of the Greeks was a revolutionary step away from this system. Although Greek society was also greatly influenced by their polytheistic religion, they took an intellectual approach to the study of the man-nature relationship. Instead of accepting or inventing mystical explanations for the world around them they applied their development of science to philosophy seeking out empirical answers to the questions of the universe. The focus of Greek thought was on the community ofRead MoreEssay on Religion and the Development of the Western World1109 Words   |  5 Pagesthe ruler.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The rise of the Greeks was a revolutionary step away from this system. Although Greek society was also greatly influenced by their polytheistic religion, they took an intellectual approach to the study of the man-nature relationship. Instead of accepting or inventing mystical explanations for the world around them they applied their development of science to philosophy seeking out empirical answers to the questions of the universe. The focus of Greek thought was on the community ofRead MoreThe Golden Age Of Greece Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesMohammad AhmadiSt. ID W 0674593Classical Idea in Philosophy, Art and Architecture in Ancient AthensClassical idea, also referred to as classicism, refers to a period within the 17th and 18th century, past the 5th century from class notes, in Greece which was marked by favored rationality, strict forms and restraint in philosophy, arts and architecture (Pollitt, 2012). Philosophy is the belief on how people should live. It involves investigating how people live, beliefs and their ethics. Art involvesRead More Learning Temperance in Homer’s Odyssey Essay1522 Words   |  7 PagesLearning Temperance in Homer’s Odyssey Being a work of importance in the western tradition of philosophy, The Odyssey is much more than some play written by Homer ages ago. Though The Odyssey certainly is a dramatic work and partially intended for entertainment, it also provides insight into the ways of thinking of the time it has been written in. Aside from illustrating the perspective of early Greek philosophy The Odyssey also raises certain questions pertaining to virtues and the moralityRead MoreAristotle : The Good Life1708 Words   |  7 PagesAristotle: The Good Life Aristotle along with Plato and Socrates are three of the first and arguably the most important philosophers when it comes to modern day philosophy and ethics. Aristotle’s work extended beyond ethics and philosophy into scientific thought where he was a very important figure in that field as well. One of Aristotle’s greatest works was the Nicomachean Ethics. In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle explores how people should live and concentrates on the individual’s ethical responsibilitiesRead MoreEssay on Counseling Ethics804 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship with help seekers, co workers and governing institutions, and Non Malefiscence, and prompt referral action- when appropriate are of paramount importance. So then, following this ethics code ensures decision making and application is credible and can bear public scrutiny. FOUNDATIONS OF THE CODE WHAT IS ETHICS? Ethics is a branch of philosophy that addresses questions of what actions and inactions are right or wrong, questions, about morality, about concepts of good or bad actions and inactionsRead MoreAnalysis of Republic Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pages Philosophy is a Greek word meaning love of wisdom. Throughout Platos Republic, wisdom plays an important role. According to Plato, education is wisdom and all of our knowledge is not acquiring information, but remembering it from the past. He felt that wisdom is a skill that comes to us naturally as we are just removing the veil of ignorance. His search for the true meaning of justice leads to a discussion with his peers of education and what part it should play in the ideal state that theyRead MoreOedipus as King of Thebes: Antigone by Sophocles1380 Words   |  6 Pagesin the Aeneid by Virgil, where the Trojans filled with pride and neglecting the voice of reason, decide to carry the wooden horse into their city as a form of trophy. Consequently their attempt to feed their own hubris would be their doom, as the Greeks lying in wait within the horse ascend from it once in the city, delivering a brutal slaughter. The question then presents itself, are human beings all born with pride, doomed to fall victim to its deceitful nature as it presents itself in the choicesRead MoreA Classical View Of The Romantic Movement1877 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluence by Classical ideologies which related to the wider philosophy of the Romantic Movement. This essay will apply a Classical perspective to John Keats’ Odes. I will examine how John Keats was inspired by the ideologies of the Greeks and Roman mythology. John Keats based his Odes on Roman myths and Greek artefacts; he used these to explore wider themes that relate to Greek Philosophy. This essay will show how Keats related the wider philosophy of the Romantic Movement to the ideologies to the ClassicalRead MoreA Case Study On Homosexuality1303 Words   |  6 Pagesactivities within different cultures spread throughout the entire world. In Greece, it was very common during the 5th century B.C. it was very common for older men and young boys to share a very sexual and intimate relationship with one another. To the Greeks, gender was looked at as an irrelevant factor and rather the focus was on the beauty and interest of what was shared between the two people. They were also known to exchange gifts with one another usually being roosters . The adult male in the relationship

Evidence Based Practice in Nursing Care and Treatment

Question: How important it is to equip nurses at the hospitals with a critical bent of mind? Answer: Introduction Evidence based practice in nursing helps in the providing better care and treatment to the patients. This particular approach helps in building expertise from the clinical aspect along with it, aiding in devising decisions that will provide an economic way of treatment for the patient as well as the health care management (Groves, Burns Gray, 2014). From the given case study, the question that arises is, How important it is to equip nurses at the hospitals with a critical bent of mind? The management at the hospitals should ask themselves this particular question while appointing nurses. Nursing is no longer limited to simple take care of a patient (DiCenso, Guyatt Ciliska, 2014). It as an all-round job when, at times the nurses might have to fill into the shoes of a physician in his absence. An able nurse would do it at ease; however, one who lacks that particular bent of mind might land up losing a patient due to her lack of judgement (LoBiondo et al., 2013). Hence, this idea ha s been explored in details, based on the framework of evidence based practice. According to the case study, two nurses, Jessica, Emily and Chloe, were conflicted in their opinion where Chloe wanted Emily to continue using the auscultatory based sphygmomanometer where as Jessica wanted Emily to use the oscillatory based sphygmomanometer. Having a critical bent of mind would have made Emily realize that both the instruments have their own level of advantages and a single one does not triumph the other. The two different types of blood pressure measurement are exclusive for the ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) (Levin Feldman, 2012). The auscultatory method of measuring blood pressure uses the Korotkoff sound which emanates from an acoustic transducer signal. The auscultatory based sphygmomanometer is similar in function as the normal blood pressure measurement (Polit Beck, 2013). The accuracy level is quite high of this device. It measures the systolic and diastolic pressure of the heart which is combined with the disappearance and appearance of soun ds. The disadvantage includes the poor assessment of blood pressure during weak signals of Korotkoff (Hauck, Winsett Kuric, 2014). This drawback is overcome in an oscillometry based sphygmomanometer. A similar measurement is carried out by the oscillometry based sphygmomanometer where the blood pressure can be measured even in the absence of the Korotkoff signal (Melnyk et al., 2013). It does not require a microphonic sensor. However, it has its own share of disadvantages. The accuracy of the reading is based on the algorithms that used to analyse the signals. A sound knowledge of the instruments would have made the nurses realize that these two instruments are not that different from each other. This was just one of the instances. There are several reports and case studies that can be found in the archives of the Nurses and Midwifery Board of Australia where lack of competence has made a patient lose a life and later the responsible nurse had to go through legal hassles (Straka, Brandt Brytus, 2013). One of the common problems that nurses as well as physicians face is the issue of medication safety. The government of Australia has issued the standards and Medication safety forms the fourth point. According to this standard, the nurses and the physicians have to practice safety while administering medicines to the patients (Dearholt Dang, 2012). Most of the times it has been observed that due to lack of proper communication, or a lag in the performance of the nurses, the patients well being gets compromised. There have been instances where the patient lost his life due to wrong dosage of a medication or lack of skills in administering the dosages (Grove, Burns Gray, 2012). There have been technological advances like smart IVs, computerized physician order entry, avoid adverse effect of drug, bar code verification technology, implementation of monitoring improvement, introduction of no interruption zone in critical care units, and several other modifications have been made in order to help nurses become more vigilant and attentive towards the well being of their patients (Abbott, Sherry Simmons, 2013). Along with all sorts of technicalities, it is also important for the nurses to be conceptually sound. Most of the times it has been seen, that the nurses do not pursue subjects, like biochemistry or human anatomy, in their nursing courses; the common reason being the criticality of the subjects and the poor success rate (Friesens-Storms et al., 2015). However, the lack of knowledge of these two important subjects creates a dent in the competence of the nurses. It is necessary for a nurse to know about the different human body parts and about their function and locations. It becomes handy during a diagnostic session with the patient in the absence of the physician (Stetler et al., 2014). The adverse effect of drugs can be avoided if the nurse is well versed in the chemical composition of the drug. In this way, without the aid or the prescription of the physician, the nurse herself can administer the dosages as per the requirement of the students. It helps in saving a lot of precious t ime on the part of the patient (Dogherty et al., 2013). Other than the technicalities as well as the concepts, nurses also need to develop certain personal attributes in order to serve their patients with quality treatment and care. The case study showed how upset Emily appeared with her patient who was apparently a child. She had lost her patience while dealing with the child, and had wished to be done with him soon enough (Flynn et al., 2012). Patients are unruly and demanding most of the times. Therefore, it is expected that the nurses would pay attention to all their needs and fulfil all their demands without losing a hair. It might sound like a one-way street, however, the sense of duty comes first and everything else takes a back seat in the life of the nurse (Freeman et al., 2013). Patience is a virtue and nobody has ever regretted for having developed it. Nurses should also develop leadership qualities so that they can come forward with ideas in order to improve the management and make it work in favour of the patients (Galanter e t al., 2013). The healthcare expenses are shooting through the roof these days. A smart nurse would offer a suggestion, post proper negotiation with the patient and his family, and settle down with something that is feasible and easier to meet. Compassion and good behaviour are irreplaceable characteristics in a nurse (Hakkarainen et al., 2012). They should also abide by all the medical and nursing standards that have been framed for them. It helps them from getting embroiled in legal hassles due to their carelessness in paying attention to the nitty-grittys of the standards framed by the Nurses and Midwifery Board of Australia (Ohashi et al., 2014). The management at the hospitals should devise a curriculum for the nursing students so that they inculcate these attributes in their characters before being professionally working as a nurse. The course work also needs to be revised to make sure that the nurses are equipped with all the possible concepts that will prove to be helpful for themselves while appraising the condition of a patient in the absence of a supervising physician. There should also be brainstorming sessions to realize how far they are progressing in their courses and whether they will be able to handle the pressure once they join a hospital. The needs in a hospitals scenario are very different from that of attending regular classes. Long with their course work sessions, they should be given hands on experience on several subject matters such as the human anatomy. The subject should be taught in an embedded fashion with the theory paper. It will provide a better learning of the subject and also ease out the student s who are constantly worried about not being able to clear the paper. Conclusion Every person, every patient, who visits a hospital, hopes to receive a quality treatment, recover soon and step out of the hospital as a new person. The nurses play an important role in making this desire a reality. Yes, nurses are human too. It might be definitely physically and emotionally tolling for them to carry out a tedious job. However, the well being of the patient should be the priority. They would have to work harder to match up to the expectations of the patients. Proper knowledge of the condition of the patient will help the nurse to make a better assessment of the patient and provide help for a speedy recovery. A lack of these attributes can in an unfortunate situation prove to be fatal for the patient. Hence, the hospital management should be a little wary while appointing nurses. So much depend on their hands. Evidence based practices is hugely successful in building the competence of the nurses as previous case studies make them assess the situation with a current pa tient. Although nothing can replace the level of expertise one gains from experience rather than studying case studies. However, in order to receive a background, thorough study of previous cases as noted by the doctors and available online, should be studied carefully by the nurses. Reference Abbott, P., Mc Sherry, R., Simmons, M. (Eds.). (2013).Evidence-informed nursing: A guide for clinical nurses. Routledge. Dearholt, S., Dang, D. (2012).Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice: Models and guidelines. Sigma Theta Tau. DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G., Ciliska, D. (2014).Evidence-based nursing: A guide to clinical practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Dogherty, E. J., Harrison, M. B., Graham, I. D., Vandyk, A. D., Keeping?Burke, L. (2013). Turning Knowledge Into Action at the Point?of?Care: The Collective Experience of Nurses Facilitating the Implementation of Evidence?Based Practice.Worldviews on Evidence?Based Nursing,10(3), 129-139. Flynn, L., Liang, Y., Dickson, G. L., Xie, M., Suh, D. C. (2012). Nurses practice environments, error interception practices, and inpatient medication errors. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 44(2), 180-186. Freeman, R., McKee, S., Lee-Lehner, B., Pesenecker, J. (2013). Reducing interruptions to improve medication safety. Journal of nursing care quality,28(2), 176-185. Friesen-Storms, J. H., Bours, G. J., van der Weijden, T., Beurskens, A. J. (2015). Shared decision making in chronic care in the context of evidence based practice in nursing.International journal of nursing studies,52(1), 393-402. Galanter, W., Falck, S., Burns, M., Laragh, M., Lambert, B. L. (2013). Indication-based prescribing prevents wrong-patient medication errors in computerized provider order entry (CPOE). Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 20(3), 477-481. Grove, S. K., Burns, N., Gray, J. (2012).The practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence. Elsevier Health Sciences. Grove, S. K., Burns, N., Gray, J. R. (2014).Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hakkarainen, K. M., Hedna, K., Petzold, M., Hgg, S. (2012). Percentage of patients with preventable adverse drug reactions and preventability of adverse drug reactionsa meta-analysis. PloS one, 7(3), e33236. Hauck, S., Winsett, R. P., Kuric, J. (2013). Leadership facilitation strategies to establish evidence?based practice in an acute care hospital.Journal of advanced nursing,69(3), 664-674. Levin, R. F., Feldman, H. R. (2012).Teaching evidence-based practice in nursing. Springer Publishing Company. LoBiondo-Wood, G., Haber, J., Berry, C., Yost, J. (2013).Study Guide for Nursing Research: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-based Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Melnyk, B. M., Gallagher?Ford, L., Long, L. E., Fineout?Overholt, E. (2014). The establishment of evidence?based practice competencies for practicing registered nurses and advanced practice nurses in real?world clinical settings: proficiencies to improve healthcare quality, reliability, patient outcomes, and costs.Worldviews on Evidence?Based Nursing,11(1), 5-15. Ohashi, K., Dalleur, O., Dykes, P. C., Bates, D. W. (2014). Benefits and risks of using smart pumps to reduce medication error rates: a systematic review. Drug safety, 37(12), 1011-1020. Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T. (2013).Essentials of nursing research: Appraising evidence for nursing practice. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Stetler, C. B., Ritchie, J. A., Rycroft?Malone, J., Charns, M. P. (2014). Leadership for evidence?based practice: strategic and functional behaviors for institutionalizing EBP.Worldviews on Evidence?Based Nursing,11(4), 219-226. Stevens, K. (2013). The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas.The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing,18(2). Straka, K. L., Brandt, P., Brytus, J. (2013). Brief report: Creating a culture of evidence-based practice and nursing research in a pediatric hospital.Journal of pediatric nursing,28(4), 374-378.

The Problem Of Violence In Schools Essay Example For Students

The Problem Of Violence In Schools Essay The problem of violence in schools today is a major concern. Crime in and around schools threatens the well being of students, as well as the school staff and the surrounding communities. It also holds back learning and student achievement. The problem is more defined in the public school system than in catholic schools. Catholic schools seem to express a better-rounded teaching environment. Most catholic schools have less tolerance than they do in public schools. It is said that the wearing of a uniform helps to keep more peace in the school. The students do not get made fun of for not wearing brand name clothing. The laughing and making fun of the other students is what contributes to low self-esteem, which one of the traits for a student who is likely to bring violence into school. More than half of U.S. public schools have reported at least one crime incident in 1997. Also one in ten schools reported at least one serious violent crime during this school year. Ten percent of all p ublic schools had experienced one or more serious violent crimes (e.g. murder, rape, suicide, sexual battery, and physical attack of fighting with a weapon or robbery) reported to police or other law enforcement during 1997. We will write a custom essay on The Problem Of Violence In Schools specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Crime and violence seem to be more of a problem in middle and high schools than in elementary schools. In 1997 forty-five percent of elementary schools reported one or more acts of violence. Seventy-four percent of middle schools and seventy-five percent of high schools had reported incidents of violence. One of the goals of the National Education Goals states that by the year 2000, all schools in America will be free of drugs and violence and the unauthorized presence of firearms and alcohol, and offer a disciplined environment that is conducive to learning. This goal has obviously not yet been reached, but there still is some time left for them to reach this goal. The crimes that are most frequently occurring in most schools are vandalism, theft/larceny, and physical attack or fight without a weapon. Six percent have reported physical attack or fight with a weapon. Even though the percentage of weapon related crimes is not as high as many of the rest, it is still one of the biggest and must be eliminated. It is the one of the worst acts of violence that could happen in a school. The school administration should adopt a policy that will help to eliminate the violence. They should either consider a zero tolerance strategy or something similar. The school environment should be a safe one for staff and students. Students should be able to go to school and not be concerned with any in or outside forces that will distract them from learning, or injure them in some way. Many potentially violent incidents continue to plague schools. School administrators are reviewing security and crisis plans, but many administrators are quick to point out that there is no one answer to providing a safe school environment. Everyone wants a simple solution, but the is not a one. People have to work towards getting and maintaining school safety. But no matter how well prepared or how safe everyone thinks a plan to be; it will never be one hundred percent foolproof. Someone will always find a way to get around even the most strategized effort to control the violence. Most incidents could and can be prevented by students, parents, teachers, or citizens coming forward and sharing the information that they know with either the school or police. It is known that prior to a major violent attacking, in most schools someone knows that it is going to happen other than the person who is planning it. But they do not go forward because they think that something like that could never happen in their school. Violence can happen anywhere, at any time. For example, take the Jonesboro incident or Columbine, it is common knowledge that someone knew about what the students were planning, but did not share it with the school or police officials. Schools should pay attention to not only the major incidents like Columbine, but also to the smallest threat. Schools in Allen, Texas, cancelled the remaining two weeks of classes due to repeated bomb threats. But after parental and community outrage, officials opened the schools on a limited basis a few days later. Four bo ys were charged with plotting a shooting in their Port Huron, Michigan, middle school similar to the massacre at Columbine. Reaction like these should always be taken to incidents as such. It prevents the tragedies like Columbine and others from happening again. A common trend in most school shootings is that they have all occurred in communities in which people felt safe. The perception of schools as being safe havens has changed over the past few years since the rash of shooting incidents. But the fact still remains that schools are the safest places for children. But, still, schools have always been easy targets for violence. Even though the number of violent incidents in schools is dropping, the use of firepower by students is growing. .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .postImageUrl , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:hover , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:visited , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:active { border:0!important; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:active , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Scarlet Letter Description EssayLately, medal detectors, security cameras, ID cards, and other security hardware and systems have been finding the nations schools as a home. This is mainly due to the need to show students, staff, and parents that security measures are being taken. Schools should be safe enough that they there is no need for security devices as such. Although medal detectors are very useful, but they are only part of the solution. Schools must also look at other prevention methods. Administrators have agreed that they will not find just one specific solution to the school dilemma that would be one hundred percent effective. Something that must be changed is the fact that in every incident in the last two years, the kids have spoken about their act before the committed it. And for some reason or other, adults have refused to pay attention to it. It must be changed. People listen to a cry for help when they hear it, why not this? It is basically the same thing; they should pay just as much attention to it. Safety is not a sometimes thing, it is an all-the-time thing, students should be able to go to school and feel safe. It has been said that violence on television has been a contributor to kids committing these acts of violence. But is this really true? Sure, the violence on television is a contributor. But it is not as big a contributor as most people make it out to be. Most of the students, who do commit crimes in school, all fit basically the same profile. They were alienated, angry and had a history of emotional problems. They are students who hold a grudge. Most of these students often write about these things in advance, they perhaps signal that they are going to happen. Experts say that there is no foolproof way to spot potential killers. But, by early next year, the FBI will release a report listing problematic traits to help educators and parents identify the seriousness of a students threat. The report will detail warning signs in four areas of a students life: 1.) Personality, 2.) Family, 3.) School behavior, and 4.) Other factors such as drugs and alcohol. This report should be very helpful to the parents and administration in controlling the safety of their school. Some of the indicators of what would make a student turn to violence are: social withdraw, excessive feelings of isolation and persecution, and a history of aggressive behavior. The question of what went wrong early on in these kids lives is brought up more that one. It is wondered what made them into killers where they would go out and without any conscience just kill people, their friends and classmates and then themselves. No one will ever know except for himself or herself. What steps should be taken to helping kids like this? Having school psychologists is a good idea; they are traditionally the first lines of defense. But lately they have been preoccupied in assessing kids who need to help with learning disorders. Many schools are now adopting zero tolerance policies, pulling out kids who do anything suspicious. This works, but not always. When a school expels a student for something like violent imagery in creative writing, it is an overreaction. Or the twelve year old boy in Virginia who was expelled for waiving a stapler around on a school bus; a Florida girl was suspended for bringing a nail clipper to class, and the suspension of a nine year old boy who wrote you will die with honor when his teacher asked him to compose a fortune cookie message. It is all-ridiculous. There is no reason to go that far. The zero tolerance rule is a good idea, but not for things like that. But for a kid who brings a gun to school or a kid who starts a fire in the sc hool, they should be removed immediately, with no questions asked. Zero tolerance polices should cover clear and serious offenses involving weapons, violence, threat, harassment, bomb scares, drugs, alcohol and cheating. Not in simple matters like those mentioned above. Crime rates in the United States are decreasing which is very good. Statistics show that crime rate in the U.S. has declined 6.4 percent and the murder rate has declined 7.4 percent in 1998. A poll shows that forty years ago, fifty percent of Americans reported having guns in their homes. Last year the figure was thirty-five percent. Which is good. This lessens the easiness of a child getting a gun to bring into school. A New York Times/CBS poll asked kids if they worry about being crime victims at school or on the streets and twenty-four percent said yes. So, obviously the kids are not as concerned about a killer attending their school as the adults are. .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .postImageUrl , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:hover , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:visited , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:active { border:0!important; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:active , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Frailty Thy Name Is Woman EssayIt is not clear at this point if schools are engaged in another cycle of violence or if we have evolved into a society whose culture has embraced violence as a characteristic and permanent feature. It is argues that the youth of today are coming more and more from backgrounds where antisocial behavior is more normal rather than unusual. These young people are highly agitated and invested in antisocial attitudes. They tend to see the behavior and intentions of others as biased against them. They frequently decide to react aggressively to situations they view as challenging or threatening, very often with tragic consequences. This kind of aggression and reaction is what makes the schools dangerous. There are four factors that generally accelerate youth violence. They are: 1.) Easy access to weapons, especially hand guns, 2.) Early involvement with drugs and alcohol, 3.) Association with antisocial groups and 4.) Pervasive exposure to violent acts depicted in the media. Eight-one percent of weapons brought to school come from the home. A safe school is characterized as effective, accepting, freedom from potential physical and psychological harm, absence of violence, and being nurturing, caring, and protective. Some school based protective factors are positive school climate and atmosphere, clear and high performance expectations for all students, good values and practices throughout the school, strong student bonding to the school environment, high levels of student participation and parent involvement in social development, and schoolwide conflict-resolution strategies. An unsafe school is characterized by lack of cohesion, chaotic, stressful, disorganized, poorly structured, ineffective, high risk, gang activity, violent incidents, unclear behavioral and academic expectations. Some risk factors are poor design and use of school space, overcrowding, lack of caring but firm disciplinary procedures, student alienation, rejection of at-risk students by teachers and peers, anger and resentment at school routines and demands for conformity, and poor supervision. Impacts and influences of school violence are: 1.) Large schools and classrooms of students, that prevents teachers from developing meaningful relationships with students and 2.) Overcrowded schools normally have higher rates of discipline problems and vandalism than schools that are at or below the enrollments for which they are intended. We must begin to reform the schools who need it. There are direct strategies as well as indirect strategies. Examples of the direct include things such as locks on doors, metal detectors, and random searching for weapons. Indirect strategies include requiring school uniforms, and establishing a positive school climate. It is likely that more direct strategies are more effective than the indirect, but they do not change the culture of the school. It is recommended that schools maintain a zero tolerance policy for weapons, fighting, or other acts of violence, minimized the number of unlocked entrances, exits, and halls for students and visitors, require students to carry a hall pass when roaming about the school during classes and to limit the hall passes to an absolute minimum. These few strategies can be the stepping stones to making a better school enviroment. BibliographyWork CitedLessons Learned. American School University, July99, Vol. 71 Issue 11Agron, JoeWatching for Warning Signs. Newsweek, 12/20/99, Vol. 134 Issue 25, p.39Kantroitz, Barbara; Wingert, Pat; Struzzi, DianeCracking down on kids. U.S. News World Report, 12/13/99, Vol. 127 Issue 23, p19Leo, JohnGround zero of zero-tolerance for violence. Christian Science Monitor, 11/18/99, Vol. 91 Issue 247, p1 McLaughlin, AbrahamPreventing School Violence. FDCH ABC Nightline, 04/21/1999Sawyer, Diane; Gibson, CharlesDangerous Schools? Christian Science Monitor, 11/05/99, Vol. 91 Issue 239, p11Schorr, DanielMaking Schools Safer and Violence Free. Intervention in School Clinic, March97, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p.199. Walker, Hill M.; Gresham, Frank M. Social Issues Essays

Rising Action in Literature Keeps Readers Engaged

Rising Action in Literature Keeps Readers Engaged Have you ever kept reading well into the night because you just couldnt put a book down? The rising action of a plot refers to the events that provoke conflict, build tension, and generate interest. It adds that edge-of-your-seat element that motivates you to keep reading until you reach the story climax. Rising Action in Action You can find rising action in many stories, from a complex novel to a simple childrens book. For example, the rising action in The Three Little Pigs takes place as the pigs set out and begin to make their own decisions. You can surmise that two of the pigs are asking for trouble when they choose flimsy materials to build their houses. Little suspicions such as these (along with the wolf lurking in the background)  build suspense: with each page, readers come to understand that these characters are headed for disaster. Things get more and more exciting and tense each time the wolf blows down a house. The action builds to the ultimate showdown between pig  and wolf. In literature, the rising action encompasses the decisions, background circumstances, and character flaws that lead a story from the opening exposition through the drama and run-up to the climax. The primary conflict  can be an external one, such as a clash between two men trying to exert their dominance at work, or it can be internal, as in the case of a college student who realizes she wants to leave school but cringes at the thought of telling her parents. Rising Action in Black and White As you read a novel, pay attention to clues that predict trouble down the road. It could be anything from  the appearance of  a character who  seems shady and untrustworthy, to the description of a clear morning marred by one dark cloud on the horizon.  You can practice identifying rising action by considering how the tension builds in the following tales: Little Red Riding HoodWhat is the first sign of trouble? Were you a bit unnerved when you learned that this innocent child would walk through the dangerous forest alone?Snow WhiteIn the original version, this story contains the ultimate evil character: the wicked stepmother. Her presence signals trouble to come. And that magic mirror adds another layer of intrigue to the story.CinderellaCinderella also  finds herself tormented by an evil stepmother. Her first meeting  with the prince foreshadows the complications to come, while the clock ticking closer to midnight on the night of the ball creates real tension.Hansel and GretelWhats with all the evil stepmothers? And who doesnt suspect that a confectionery cottage is too good to be true? It can be easy to see the suspense building in the short stories from childhood. But if you consider how subtle clues informed and cautioned you, you can find the same types of signs in more sophisticated books. Think about the suspenseful moments that build in each story to get a better sense of the development of rising action in the novels you read.

What can the study of the history of learning tell us about learning Essay

What can the study of the history of learning tell us about learning today - Essay Example While in the beginning, learning was considered to be an end to itself, in the course of the progression of technology learning became the means to an end, which made the purpose of learning deviate from its origins (Carmack, n.d.). It is important to find out how such changes happened, as well as why these occurred since in order to find out how to adjust learning methods effectively, it is vital that learning methods of the past must also be studied because these information will give valuable insights on how to make learning purposeful and effective for students, based on the current perspectives of contemporary society. In order to present the importance of understanding the relevance of how learning operated in the past, examples of contrasting elements between ancient learning such as in the times of the Greco-Roman cultures and the modern progressive learning methods that most contemporary society now experiences today will be used. Three possible differences that can be obser ved are: 1) the reasons for learning; 2) the lessons to be learned by the students; and 3) how these methods are implemented in schools. These three differences are relevant to the explanations since the evolution of learning was affected by mostly societal and cultural changes, especially during the Industrial Revolution, and beyond (Power, 1991). Thus it would be easier to correlate the importance of learning in any kind of society as well as the changes that occur in the process of passing on knowledge on each succession of generations. It can be said that the shifting priorities of the society, from having strong relations with the past and traditions, to looking forward to new possibilities in the future were able to usher such changes, which not only made learning a widely-accepted idea, but also essential to everyday living (Lawrence, 1970). In the past, greater focus is given to the artistic side of living, which can explain why in ancient learning there has been a bigger em phasis on the rhetoric, grammar, styles, as well as oratorical prowess of students, with particular mention of the upper and middle classes, while skills related to craftsmanship are passed down to the working classes. Based on the premises, education can either be an end, or a means to an end, depending on the societal ranking of the learners. Also, there is a prominent idea that students must adjust to the lessons, as well as having to learn general subjects without having to put too much focus on narrowed-down careers, thus leaving no room for the development of individuality. On the other hand, due to the development of various fields, not only do students have greater choices in careers, they are also given other options in what to learn, which is very different from the concept of learning during ancient times. In modern learning there has been greater focus both on the individual aspect as well as the specificities of lessons, depending on what end is needed to be achieved (C armack, n.d.). At present, students are not forced to learn pure rhetoric, and are actually encouraged to choose lessons that interest them or would make good careers in the future. Thus, with regards to the difference between ancient and modern learning, the former gives greater importance on passing classical knowledge of arts to the next generation, while in the latter there is greater importance on learning various aspects of how society operates in preparation for jobs or careers in the future. In relation to the reasons for learning, the kinds of lessons that students must learn also differ between modern and ancient times due to the influence of changes in societal needs and trends. For example, ancient learning focuses more

INTB3000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

INTB3000 - Essay Example lobal, acting local and thinking local, acting global, need to exist side by side because contrary to the general perception that building a brand sells it, the actual key to success is local passion for the brand coupled with a feeling of local pride and ownership. Examples of thinking global, acting local: 1. Retaining a clearly focused target product, so that the nature of the product was clear in the customer’s mind – Vicks was a rub for colds 2. Not growing complacent with the 20% growth that made Vicks no: 1 in India, but growing the market and benchmarking against the best in the world 2. Using an efficient, low cost local distribution system and 3. Using local ayurvedic medicinal products to prepare additional Vicks preparations apart from the rub for colds. Thinking local, acting global: 1. The global strategy was to increase advertising during the winter months, but Vicks Vaporub stepped up its advertising in the monsoon months, when local conditions caused more colds. 2. Positioning the 5 gm tin for the middle class and pricing a package of 4 such tins lower than a 19 gm jar, because it was specifically targeted at the middle class. Das and Vicks Vaporub were so successful in India because they were able to understand their consumers and act to satisfy their needs. They were able to use the existing, low cost distribution networks perfected by traders to avoid excessive costs along the supply chain. When chemists and pharmacists across the nation came together to boycott Vicks, the Company changed its registration from Western to Indian medicine to extend this distribution networks to food shops and local grocers, thus avoiding the strike altogether. 1. Being receptive to regional variations, i.e, suiting the product to fit opportunities available in the local market; for example using the monsoon as an opportunity to step up advertising during summer months. In a country like Russia, the economy was in a state of transition from a

Amy Tan, Two Kinds Essay Example for Free

Amy Tan, Two Kinds Essay This storys main events take place in Chinatown throughout the 1950s and perhaps early 1960s. The main character of the story, who is also the protagonist, is the author herself: Amy Tan. The antagonist happens to be her own mother, who is always pushing Amy to discover some hidden talent and be someone she is not. There are a few other minor characters in the story. There is Lindo Jong (who she calls Auntie Lindo), who is a close friend of Amys mother. Waverly Jong is Auntie Lindos daughter, who is close to Amys age. Amys piano instructor, who she calls Old Chong, plays a small role in the story. Amys dad is included in the text, but does not play much of a role. In Two Kinds, the exposition is clear in the first couple of pages. The story begins by explaining that Amys family moved to America when she was a baby, in 1949. Her mother is clear in her goals: she wants Amy to be a child prodigy (a person with exceptional talent) and famous. Although in the beginning Amy seems accepting of her mothers goal, there are some undertones which are clear to the reader that her mother may go too far. Symbolism in literature might include visual or sound elements as well as language. Amys piano was the main symbol of this story. In the end of the story, the fact that she had it tuned and actually sat down to play shows us that she really cared about her mother-and the piano-after all. The songs that she plays at the end are also a symbol of the story, itself. She mentions playing two songs. The first is titled Pleading Child, and the second one: Perfectly Contented. These are songs that she had played when she was a child. She notices for the first time, after all of these years, that these two songs are actually two halves to the same song. The song represents Amys life. This is how the story ends. We get a pretty good idea of what Amys story is about and the theme behind it. She regrets not trying her best, and the way she has taken her mother for granted in her life. A strong message like this makes us reflect on our own lives and relationships with the ones we love. Amy constructs the story in a way that makes the plot flow, and we are interested in what will happen to her next. Some of us may even feel like she is too hard on the protagonist-her mother. The ending resolves these feelings, because we discover she feels this, too.

J.R.R.Tolkien: Master of Fantasy Essay -- John Ronald Reuel Tolkien Bi

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (J.R.R.Tolkien) was a philologist in the very strict sense of the word. This term, philologist, comes from Greek [φÎ ¯ÃŽ »ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š (philos) and ÃŽ »ÃÅ'ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š (logos)] and literarily means ‘love for words’. According to the Oxford Dictionary, it is â€Å"the scientific study of the development of language or of a particular language†, which is precisely what Tolkien did all through his life. Tolkien was, as has been said, a profound lover of words, which he begun developing from a quite early age. In 1900, when he and his family had to move to Birmingham in order to be closer to King Edward’s School, Tolkien discovered Gaelic, a language toward which he showed a great interest and which â€Å"opened him to another linguistic world† (â€Å"le abrià ³ otro mundo lingà ¼Ãƒ ­stico†, Carpenter, 2002:37). When he returned to King Edward’s, after a year in St. Philip’s School, he started learning Greek; he already knew Latin as his mother had taught him at home. When his literature teacher read The Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer, in the original Middle-English â€Å"he decided to learn more about the history of the language† (Carpenter, 2002:39), â€Å"why languages are as they are† (â€Å"por quà © eran como eran† Carpenter, 2002:46). His discovery of Anglo-Saxon was also an important element in his approaching to philology. As can be seen, his encounter with these ‘new-old’ languages was continuous: Old Norse, Gothic, etc. It was also the starting point of his creation of private languages (Naffarin). Thanks to his deep study of these languages we have today works like The Silmarillion, The Hobbit, or The Lord of the Rings, as Tolkien’s imagination came not from any other place but from language itself, as Segura (2008) states saying that â€Å"his imagination was... ...o. -Carretero, M. -â€Å"Catastrophe†. Oxford Learners Dictionaries. 2014. http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/catastrophe -Coleridge, S.T. 1984. Biographia Literaria. P.6. Princeton: Princeton University Press. -â€Å"Eucatastrophe†. Oxford Dictionaries, Language Matters. 2014. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/es/definicion/ingles/eucatastrophe -Lewis, C.S. 2002. On Stories and Other Essays on Literature. EE.UU: Mariner Books. -Segura, E. 2008. J.R.R.Tolkien: Mitopoeia y Mitologà ­a, reflexiones bajo la luz refractada. Spain: Portal Editions. -Segura, E. 2001. El Viaje del Anillo: Mapa narrativo de la Tierra Media. -Tolkien, J.R.R. (lecture given in 1939). On Fairy Stories. -Tolkien, J.R.R. 19. The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers. -Olsen, C. 2010. On Fairy-Stories. http://www.festivalintheshire.com/journal5hts/5tolkienprofessor.html

Criticism of the Church in the Canterbury Tales Essay

The Canterbury Tales, a collection of tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, was written in Middle English at the end of the 14th century (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2011). It is considered to be the best work of literature in English in the Middle Ages (Johnston, 1998). Chaucer uses literary devices as no one had ever done. In addition, he chose to use English instead of Latin. This masterpiece is structured in a similar way as Bocaccio’s Decameron. The tales are organized within a frame narrative (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2011) explained in the General Prologue by the narrator: a group of pilgrims that are going to visit St.  Thomas Becket in Canterbury’s Cathedral. These pilgrims are from different estates of the medieval society: nobility, the church and peasantry (The Norton Anthology, 1993: 76). Through the characters, Chaucer reveals some aspects of the society he lived in. In other words, instead of creating typical role models, the characters are exaggerated individuals very different from the prototypical idea. The author uses hyperbolic characters and irony to create humour and criticism. For example, the knight is not the typical medieval soldier the reader would expect. He avoids conflict being a very romantic person. In a similar way, the characters that are part of the Church are also very peculiar. At the time when Chaucer wrote this poem, the Catholic Church was very powerful and rich. The clergy enjoyed great fortunes and a high quality of life compared with the peasantry who was starving and dying. In this essay, I’m going to deal with the criticism towards the Catholic Church analysing the ironic portrays of the Prioress, the Monk, the Friar and the Pardoner. Chaucer begins writing about the hypocrisy of the church in the General Prologue when the Prioress is introduced. The Prioress is a nun with very good manners (e. g. she wipes her lips before drinking, lines 133-134) that behaves as if she were a lady of the court (e. g. she speaks French but with a very bad accent, lines 124-125). The Prioress is also very romantic as we can see in her brooch and her motto: â€Å"Amor vincit omnia† -â€Å"Love conquest all†- (Dr. Melillo, 1996). She is also very kind and sensitive. For instance, she cries when a mouse falls in a trap and feeds her dogs meat so they do not starve. This image of nice person contrasts with the reality of the time. If her words and actions are analyzed, the audience can understand that this was not the typical behavior of a nun. She is more worried about her pets than the commoners who actually did starve and rarely ate meat. The narrator is portraying her as a very naive person in a very nice tone that hides the irony. Nevertheless, the audience was aware that she is not fulfilling the aim of the Church: take care of people (The Norton Anthology, 1993:76). The Monk is the following pilgrim described in the General Prologue. According to his description he is very interested in hunting and in horses (line 166). A monk should not be riding and hunting but obeying, praying, copying and studying. In addition, the Monk is fully aware that his order does not allow these practices and he admits that he does not follow the rules of his order (Jokinen, 2010) (lines 174-175). When the portrait of the Monk finishes in the General Prologue, the man described is bald, fat and well-dressed. Any person in that time that heard this description would immediately think about a lord not a monk. Although the narrator likes the life style of the Monk and his description is not very acid, we can see how Chaucer is criticizing some monk’s lives. Monks are supposed to be obedient and to embrace vow of poverty not to reject rules and live the life they want. After analyzing two characters against who the narrator does not show great rejection, I am going to analyze the Friar and the Pardoner who the narrator describes in a very ironic and bitter tone. A friar is a roaming priest that begs for living whose goal is to help beggars and lepers selflessly. On the contrary, this friar really detests this kind of action because he does not get any benefice from it (lines 242-247). He likes to enjoy life and pleasures. He shows that he is not like a normal friar implying that he is above (lines 210-211) like an aristocrat (Knapp, 1999). In this sense, he acts like the Prioress does, pretending not to be who he really is, a beggar. The reader also knows that he accepts bribes and gives easy penance for extra donations so he can live better. He justifies his conduct explaining that giving money is a sign of repentance. Nevertheless, the Friar, as the Monk, is supposed to have done the vow of poverty. Contradicting any preconceived ideas the reader may have about friars, he has a good quality life thanks to keeping the money he should give his order nd receiving extra incomes. In the description of the character, the audience understood how Chaucer is condemning the abuses of the Church by creating a person who does not follow any of the prototypical characteristics of a good Christian friar. Finally, I am going to explain in detail the character of the Pardoner. The Pardoner resembles the Friar in the fact that both get money from people (with a religious reason behind) for a living and keep it for themselves. However, there are some differences: the Pardoner is not part of an order whereas the Friar is; and he does not believe in what he does either while the Friar justifies it. The Pardoner is considered the most hypocrite character of all because he embodies all the sins he preaches against. He sells papal indulgences in exchange of donation that he keeps for himself showing avarice (lines 389-391). In addition, he admits that he does not feel guilty and that the relics he sells are a fraud. Furthermore, he tells the other pilgrims his tricks implying that he lies and manipulates people to get money. Ironically, after he has admitted that he is a liar, the Pardoner gives a kind of sermon against gluttony, drunkenness, gambling and swearing. Moreover, his tale can be considered an exemplum (Patterson, 1976) that warns against avarice and drunkenness. He gives an instance of the kind of person he is when he tries to sell one of his relics to the Host even when he has already told them they are forged and useless. Apart from being described as, what we would call now, a con artist and a sinful person, there are allusions to his condition of homosexual and eunuch (Jokinen, 1998). All these characteristics make him appear in the margins of society. As I said before, this character is the one that better represents the hypocrisy that Chaucer shows in this work. As I said, he represents all the sins he preaches against: he drinks (his finishes his drink before stating the tale); he lies (about his relics, line 394), and he is greedy (he keeps the money, line 409). Through this character, the author shows a very sinful and corrupt church away from their goal. To conclude, Chaucer shows a very hypocrite and selfish members of the Church in The Canterbury Tales. In the 14th century, the Catholic Church was very influential and religion was present in everyday life. The purpose of the Church was supposed to be the caring of the people. Nonetheless, the characters in this poem do not worry about anything else that themselves and their actions are directed always to their own benefit. Through their words and actions described ironically by the narrator, the characters reflect their sins and their corruption and by extension, the sins and corruption of the Church. It can be concluded that in The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer makes a social criticism showing the dishonesty of the Church. However, it should be pointed out that the characters are an exaggerated version of the original people because the main aim of this work is to be enjoyable for the audience.

Gang Brutality Is A Dangerous And Affected The Community...

Gang brutality is a dangerous and has affected the community socially and economically. â€Å"About 95% of hardcore gang members are high school dropouts† (Think Twice 2011). Gangs influence people of all different ages and backgrounds. It is a group of youngster convicts, who are often to themselves unless around their social group, who comes together to be on their worst behavior. Gang involvement in the world has caused a big problem in society today because of their widespread influence. People often get into to gangs by offending members of the gang through a disagreement, debt, or for protection. Every day accidents happen new to the area or not, we may not always know our way. In some way shape or form, anyone can disrespect a gang member by simply bumping into them without purpose, angering the specific member causing more conflict between the gang member and the person that bumped into him leading the person into to the gang. Gang members try to help people that are in debt by getting them into to selling things illegally or stealing things. Researchers have found that â€Å"Teens also join gangs because of the mistaken belief that membership will protect them. But gang members are more likely to be victims of crimes than people not in gangs† (Klein, 2009) the realization of that person is soon realized when they or the gang comes to an end. Even though most gang members either ends up in jail, injured, or dead. People still see a safety in gangs leading to further conflict.Show MoreRelatedThe Niger Delta Struggles: Its Implications for Resource Control.17990 Words   |  72 Pagess oil belt has been the site of a generalized ethnic and regional struggle for self-determination since 1998, the location of often-violent confrontations between local ethnic communities and agents of the Nigerian state and oil companies involved in the extraction and exploitation of oil in the area. What began as community agitation has undoubtedly undergone several transformations. The first involved the flowering of civil society, which mobilized a popular civil struggle. The second saw the extensionRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesBrier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David MRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagespart-time employee. Whether or not you are currently employed, we encourage you to seek out skill practice opportunities in all aspects of your life, including working in assigned teams in this and other courses, planning social events for a campus or community organization, counseling a troubled sibling or friend, managing end-of-semester deadlines, or handling a difficult issue with a boy/girlfriend or spouse. The sooner you begin—and the more you persist in—practicing what you learn in this course, the